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{
"count": 6723,
"next": "https://cinder.proteo.info/api/human_diseases/?format=api&limit=20&offset=240&ordering=-synonyms",
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"results": [
{
"identifier": "Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis 11.",
"acronym": "ALS11.",
"accession": "DI-00115",
"synonyms": null,
"cross_references": "MeSH; D000690.",
"definition": "A neurodegenerative disorder affecting upper motor neurons in the brain and lower motor neurons in the brain stem and spinal cord, resulting in fatal paralysis. Sensory abnormalities are absent. The pathologic hallmarks of the disease include pallor of the corticospinal tract due to loss of motor neurons, presence of ubiquitin-positive inclusions within surviving motor neurons, and deposition of pathologic aggregates. The etiology of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is likely to be multifactorial, involving both genetic and environmental factors. The disease is inherited in 5-10% of the cases. ",
"keywords": "KW-0036:Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.; "
},
{
"identifier": "Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis 23.",
"acronym": "ALS23.",
"accession": "DI-05172",
"synonyms": null,
"cross_references": "MeSH; D000690.",
"definition": "A form of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, a neurodegenerative disorder affecting upper motor neurons in the brain and lower motor neurons in the brain stem and spinal cord, resulting in fatal paralysis. Sensory abnormalities are absent. The pathologic hallmarks of the disease include pallor of the corticospinal tract due to loss of motor neurons, presence of ubiquitin-positive inclusions within surviving motor neurons, and deposition of pathologic aggregates. The etiology of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is likely to be multifactorial, involving both genetic and environmental factors. The disease is inherited in 5-10% of the cases. ALS23 is an autosomal dominant form with incomplete penetrance. ",
"keywords": "KW-0036:Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.; "
},
{
"identifier": "Amelogenesis imperfecta 1J.",
"acronym": "AI1J.",
"accession": "DI-04931",
"synonyms": null,
"cross_references": "MeSH; D000567.",
"definition": "A form of amelogenesis imperfecta, a disorder characterized by defective enamel formation. The enamel may be hypoplastic, hypomineralized or both, and affected teeth may be discoloured, sensitive or prone to disintegration. AI1J is an autosomal recessive form characterized by hypoplastic enamel, enamel discolorization ranging from yellow to black, and normal dentin. ",
"keywords": "KW-0986:Amelogenesis imperfecta.; "
},
{
"identifier": "46,XX sex reversal 5.",
"acronym": "SRXX5.",
"accession": "DI-05853",
"synonyms": null,
"cross_references": "MeSH; D058531.",
"definition": "A condition in which male gonads develop in a genetic female (female to male sex reversal). Additional features in SRXX5 patients are congenital heart disease, congenital diaphragmatic hernia, and blepharophimosis-ptosis-epicanthus inversus syndrome. SRXX5 inheritance is autosomal dominant. ",
"keywords": null
},
{
"identifier": "Adiponectin deficiency.",
"acronym": "ADPOD.",
"accession": "DI-00041",
"synonyms": null,
"cross_references": "MeSH; D009765.",
"definition": "An autosomal dominant condition characterized by very low concentrations of plasma adiponectin. Levels of adiponectin are decreased in obesity and may contribute to a chronic state of inflammation that leads to insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, coronary artery disease, myocardial infarction, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, and kidney disease. ",
"keywords": "KW-0219:Diabetes mellitus.; KW-0550:Obesity.; "
},
{
"identifier": "Arterial calcification of infancy, generalized, 2.",
"acronym": "GACI2.",
"accession": "DI-03382",
"synonyms": null,
"cross_references": "MeSH; D061205.",
"definition": "A severe autosomal recessive disorder characterized by calcification of the internal elastic lamina of muscular arteries and stenosis due to myointimal proliferation. The disorder is often fatal within the first 6 months of life because of myocardial ischemia resulting in refractory heart failure. ",
"keywords": null
},
{
"identifier": "Ataxia-telangiectasia-like disorder 2.",
"acronym": "ATLD2.",
"accession": "DI-04180",
"synonyms": null,
"cross_references": "MeSH; D049914.",
"definition": "A neurodegenerative disorder due to defects in DNA excision repair. ATLD2 is characterized by developmental delay, ataxia, sensorineural hearing loss, short stature, cutaneous and ocular telangiectasia, and photosensitivity. ",
"keywords": "KW-0209:Deafness.; KW-0242:Dwarfism.; KW-0523:Neurodegeneration.; "
},
{
"identifier": "Anterior segment dysgenesis 5.",
"acronym": "ASGD5.",
"accession": "DI-02157",
"synonyms": null,
"cross_references": "MeSH; D005124.",
"definition": "A form of anterior segment dysgenesis, a group of defects affecting anterior structures of the eye including cornea, iris, lens, trabecular meshwork, and Schlemm canal. Anterior segment dysgeneses result from abnormal migration or differentiation of the neural crest derived mesenchymal cells that give rise to components of the anterior chamber during eye development. Different anterior segment anomalies may exist alone or in combination, including iris hypoplasia, enlarged or reduced corneal diameter, corneal vascularization and opacity, posterior embryotoxon, corectopia, polycoria, abnormal iridocorneal angle, ectopia lentis, and anterior synechiae between the iris and posterior corneal surface. Clinical conditions falling within the phenotypic spectrum of anterior segment dysgeneses include aniridia, Axenfeld anomaly, Reiger anomaly/syndrome, Peters anomaly, and iridogoniodysgenesis. ",
"keywords": null
},
{
"identifier": "Arthrogryposis, cleft palate, craniosynostosis, and impaired intellectual development.",
"acronym": "ACCIID.",
"accession": "DI-05453",
"synonyms": null,
"cross_references": "MeSH; D000015.",
"definition": "An autosomal dominant disease characterized by moderate to severe intellectual disability, craniosynostosis, cleft palate, micrognathia, arthrogryposis, and short stature. Some patients may present bone abnormalities and generalized seizures. ",
"keywords": "KW-0242:Dwarfism.; KW-0989:Craniosynostosis.; KW-0991:Intellectual disability.; "
},
{
"identifier": "Atrial fibrillation, familial, 11.",
"acronym": "ATFB11.",
"accession": "DI-03142",
"synonyms": null,
"cross_references": "MeSH; D001281.",
"definition": "A familial form of atrial fibrillation, a common sustained cardiac rhythm disturbance. Atrial fibrillation is characterized by disorganized atrial electrical activity and ineffective atrial contraction promoting blood stasis in the atria and reduces ventricular filling. It can result in palpitations, syncope, thromboembolic stroke, and congestive heart failure. ",
"keywords": "KW-1020:Atrial fibrillation.; "
},
{
"identifier": "Arthrogryposis, distal, 1B.",
"acronym": "DA1B.",
"accession": "DI-03302",
"synonyms": null,
"cross_references": "MeSH; D001176.",
"definition": "A form of distal arthrogryposis, a disease characterized by congenital joint contractures that mainly involve two or more distal parts of the limbs, in the absence of a primary neurological or muscle disease. Distal arthrogryposis type 1 is characterized largely by camptodactyly and clubfoot. Hypoplasia and/or absence of some interphalangeal creases is common. The shoulders and hips are less frequently affected. ",
"keywords": null
},
{
"identifier": "Anemia, sideroblastic, 5.",
"acronym": "SIDBA5.",
"accession": "DI-06225",
"synonyms": null,
"cross_references": "MeSH; D000756.",
"definition": "A form of sideroblastic anemia, a bone marrow disorder defined by the presence of pathologic iron deposits in erythroblast mitochondria. Sideroblastic anemia is characterized by anemia of varying severity, hypochromic peripheral erythrocytes, systemic iron overload secondary to chronic ineffective erythropoiesis, and the presence of bone marrow ringed sideroblasts. Sideroblasts are characterized by iron-loaded mitochondria clustered around the nucleus. SIDBA5 inheritance is autosomal recessive. ",
"keywords": null
},
{
"identifier": "Amelogenesis imperfecta, hypomaturation type, 2A5.",
"acronym": "AI2A5.",
"accession": "DI-04153",
"synonyms": null,
"cross_references": "MeSH; D000567.",
"definition": "A defect of enamel formation. The disorder involves both primary and secondary dentitions. The teeth have a shiny agar jelly appearance and the enamel is softer than normal. Brown pigment is present in middle layers of enamel. ",
"keywords": "KW-0986:Amelogenesis imperfecta.; "
},
{
"identifier": "Analbuminemia.",
"acronym": "ANALBA.",
"accession": "DI-04235",
"synonyms": null,
"cross_references": "MeSH; D034141.",
"definition": "A rare autosomal recessive disorder manifested by the presence of a very low amount of circulating serum albumin. Affected individuals manifest mild edema, hypotension, fatigue, and, occasionally, lower body lipodystrophy (mainly in adult females). The most common biochemical finding is hyperlipidemia, with a significant increase in the total and LDL cholesterol concentrations, but normal concentrations of HDL cholesterol and triglycerides. ",
"keywords": null
},
{
"identifier": "Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia, familial, 14.",
"acronym": "ARVD14.",
"accession": "DI-05863",
"synonyms": null,
"cross_references": "MeSH; D019571.",
"definition": "A congenital heart disease characterized by infiltration of adipose and fibrous tissue into the right ventricle and loss of myocardial cells, resulting in ventricular and supraventricular arrhythmias. ",
"keywords": "KW-0122:Cardiomyopathy.; "
},
{
"identifier": "Ataxia, intention tremor, and hypotonia syndrome, childhood-onset.",
"acronym": "ATITHS.",
"accession": "DI-06132",
"synonyms": null,
"cross_references": "MeSH; D065886.",
"definition": "An autosomal dominant neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by global developmental delay, mildly impaired intellectual development with speech delay or learning disabilities, delayed walking due to ataxia, intention tremor, and hypotonia apparent from early childhood. Brain imaging shows cerebellar atrophy in some patients. ",
"keywords": "KW-0991:Intellectual disability.; "
},
{
"identifier": "High bone mass trait.",
"acronym": "HBM.",
"accession": "DI-01741",
"synonyms": null,
"cross_references": "MedGen; C1866080.",
"definition": "Rare phenotype characterized by exceptionally dense bones. HBM individuals show otherwise a completely normal skeletal structure and no other unusual clinical findings. ",
"keywords": null
},
{
"identifier": "Atrial fibrillation, familial, 13.",
"acronym": "ATFB13.",
"accession": "DI-03855",
"synonyms": null,
"cross_references": "MeSH; D001281.",
"definition": "A familial form of atrial fibrillation, a common sustained cardiac rhythm disturbance. Atrial fibrillation is characterized by disorganized atrial electrical activity and ineffective atrial contraction promoting blood stasis in the atria and reduces ventricular filling. It can result in palpitations, syncope, thromboembolic stroke, and congestive heart failure. ",
"keywords": "KW-1020:Atrial fibrillation.; "
},
{
"identifier": "46,XY gonadal dysgenesis with minifascicular neuropathy.",
"acronym": "GDMN.",
"accession": "DI-02146",
"synonyms": null,
"cross_references": "MeSH; D006061.",
"definition": "An autosomal recessive disorder characterized by gonadal dysgenesis associated with polyneuropathy. Genital anomalies include the presence of a testis on one side and a streak or an absent gonad at the other, persistence of Muellerian duct structures, and a variable degree of genital ambiguity. ",
"keywords": null
},
{
"identifier": "Bent bone dysplasia syndrome 1.",
"acronym": "BBDS1.",
"accession": "DI-03429",
"synonyms": null,
"cross_references": "MeSH; D001848.",
"definition": "A perinatal lethal skeletal dysplasia characterized by poor mineralization of the calvarium, craniosynostosis, dysmorphic facial features, prenatal teeth, hypoplastic pubis and clavicles, osteopenia, and bent long bones. Dysmorphic facial features included low-set ears, hypertelorism, midface hypoplasia, prematurely erupted fetal teeth, and micrognathia. ",
"keywords": null
}
]
}