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"count": 6723,
"next": "https://cinder.proteo.info/api/human_diseases/?format=api&limit=20&offset=2920&ordering=-synonyms",
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"results": [
{
"identifier": "Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism 26 with or without anosmia.",
"acronym": "HH26.",
"accession": "DI-06321",
"synonyms": null,
"cross_references": "MeSH; D017436.",
"definition": "A form of hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, a group of disorders characterized by absent or incomplete sexual maturation by the age of 18 years, in conjunction with low levels of circulating gonadotropins and testosterone, and no other abnormalities of the hypothalamic- pituitary axis. In some cases, it is associated with non-reproductive phenotypes, such as anosmia, cleft palate, and sensorineural hearing loss. Anosmia or hyposmia is related to the absence or hypoplasia of the olfactory bulbs and tracts. In the presence of anosmia, idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism is referred to as Kallmann syndrome, whereas in the presence of a normal sense of smell, it has been termed normosmic idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (nIHH). HH26 is characterized by micropenis and cryptorchidism at birth in male patients, and absent puberty and anosmia in male or female patients. Some affected individuals also exhibit craniosynostosis. Inheritance can be autosomal dominant or autosomal recessive. ",
"keywords": "KW-0956:Kallmann syndrome.; KW-1016:Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism.; "
},
{
"identifier": "Hypocalcemia, autosomal dominant 2.",
"acronym": "HYPOC2.",
"accession": "DI-03851",
"synonyms": null,
"cross_references": "MeSH; D006996.",
"definition": "A form of hypocalcemia, a disorder of mineral homeostasis characterized by blood calcium levels below normal, and low or normal serum parathyroid hormone concentrations. Disease manifestations include hypocalcemia, paresthesias, carpopedal spasm, seizures, hypercalciuria with nephrocalcinosis or kidney stones, and ectopic and basal ganglia calcifications. ",
"keywords": null
},
{
"identifier": "Congenital short bowel syndrome, X-linked.",
"acronym": "CSBSX.",
"accession": "DI-03734",
"synonyms": null,
"cross_references": "MeSH; D012778.",
"definition": "A disease characterized by a shortened small intestine, and malabsorption. The mean length of the small intestine in affected individuals is approximately 50 cm, compared with a normal length at birth of 190-280 cm. It is associated with significant mortality and morbidity. Infants usually present with failure to thrive, recurrent vomiting, and diarrhea. ",
"keywords": null
},
{
"identifier": "Alopecia-intellectual disability syndrome 4.",
"acronym": "APMR4.",
"accession": "DI-05812",
"synonyms": null,
"cross_references": "MeSH; D008607.",
"definition": "An autosomal recessive disorder characterized by alopecia universalis, scaly skin, mild to severe intellectual disability, delayed or absent speech, and motor delay. ",
"keywords": "KW-0991:Intellectual disability.; KW-1063:Hypotrichosis.; "
},
{
"identifier": "Congenital smooth muscle hamartoma, with or without hemihypertrophy.",
"acronym": "CSMH.",
"accession": "DI-06743",
"synonyms": null,
"cross_references": "MeSH; D006222.",
"definition": "A benign skin lesion that usually presents as an indurated, slightly pigmented or flesh-colored plaque with perifollicular papules or coarse hair. Histopathologically, there is excessive proliferation of ectopic smooth muscle within the dermis. Hair follicles are normal in number and hyperkeratosis, acanthosis and hyperpigmentation of the basal cell layer can sometimes be seen. Rarely, CSMH is associated with hemihypertrophy. ",
"keywords": null
},
{
"identifier": "Hypochondroplasia.",
"acronym": "HCH.",
"accession": "DI-01786",
"synonyms": null,
"cross_references": "MedGen; C0410529.",
"definition": "Autosomal dominant disease and is characterized by disproportionate short stature. It resembles achondroplasia, but with a less severe phenotype. ",
"keywords": null
},
{
"identifier": "Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism 19 with or without anosmia.",
"acronym": "HH19.",
"accession": "DI-03770",
"synonyms": null,
"cross_references": "MeSH; D007006.",
"definition": "A disorder characterized by absent or incomplete sexual maturation by the age of 18 years, in conjunction with low levels of circulating gonadotropins and testosterone and no other abnormalities of the hypothalamic-pituitary axis. In some cases, it is associated with non- reproductive phenotypes, such as anosmia, cleft palate, and sensorineural hearing loss. Anosmia or hyposmia is related to the absence or hypoplasia of the olfactory bulbs and tracts. Hypogonadism is due to deficiency in gonadotropin-releasing hormone and probably results from a failure of embryonic migration of gonadotropin- releasing hormone-synthesizing neurons. In the presence of anosmia, idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism is referred to as Kallmann syndrome, whereas in the presence of a normal sense of smell, it has been termed normosmic idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (nIHH). ",
"keywords": "KW-0956:Kallmann syndrome.; KW-1016:Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism.; "
},
{
"identifier": "Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism 10 with or without anosmia.",
"acronym": "HH10.",
"accession": "DI-03570",
"synonyms": null,
"cross_references": "MeSH; D007006.",
"definition": "A disorder characterized by absent or incomplete sexual maturation by the age of 18 years, in conjunction with low levels of circulating gonadotropins and testosterone and no other abnormalities of the hypothalamic-pituitary axis. In some cases, it is associated with non- reproductive phenotypes, such as anosmia, cleft palate, and sensorineural hearing loss. Anosmia or hyposmia is related to the absence or hypoplasia of the olfactory bulbs and tracts. Hypogonadism is due to deficiency in gonadotropin-releasing hormone and probably results from a failure of embryonic migration of gonadotropin- releasing hormone-synthesizing neurons. In the presence of anosmia, idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism is referred to as Kallmann syndrome, whereas in the presence of a normal sense of smell, it has been termed normosmic idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (nIHH). ",
"keywords": "KW-1016:Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism.; "
},
{
"identifier": "Hypomagnesemia, seizures, and impaired intellectual development 1.",
"acronym": "HOMGSMR1.",
"accession": "DI-04456",
"synonyms": null,
"cross_references": "MeSH; D015499.",
"definition": "A disease characterized by renal wasting of magnesium, low serum magnesium, seizures, and variable degrees of delayed psychomotor development. ",
"keywords": "KW-0887:Epilepsy.; KW-0982:Primary hypomagnesemia.; KW-0991:Intellectual disability.; "
},
{
"identifier": "Hypomagnesemia, seizures, and impaired intellectual development 2.",
"acronym": "HOMGSMR2.",
"accession": "DI-05475",
"synonyms": null,
"cross_references": "MeSH; D015499.",
"definition": "An autosomal dominant disease characterized by generalized seizures in infancy, severe hypomagnesemia, and renal magnesium wasting. Seizures persist despite magnesium supplementation and are associated with significant intellectual disability. ",
"keywords": "KW-0887:Epilepsy.; KW-0982:Primary hypomagnesemia.; KW-0991:Intellectual disability.; "
},
{
"identifier": "Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism 11 with or without anosmia.",
"acronym": "HH11.",
"accession": "DI-03571",
"synonyms": null,
"cross_references": "MeSH; D007006.",
"definition": "A disorder characterized by absent or incomplete sexual maturation by the age of 18 years, in conjunction with low levels of circulating gonadotropins and testosterone and no other abnormalities of the hypothalamic-pituitary axis. In some cases, it is associated with non- reproductive phenotypes, such as anosmia, cleft palate, and sensorineural hearing loss. Anosmia or hyposmia is related to the absence or hypoplasia of the olfactory bulbs and tracts. Hypogonadism is due to deficiency in gonadotropin-releasing hormone and probably results from a failure of embryonic migration of gonadotropin- releasing hormone-synthesizing neurons. In the presence of anosmia, idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism is referred to as Kallmann syndrome, whereas in the presence of a normal sense of smell, it has been termed normosmic idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (nIHH). ",
"keywords": "KW-1016:Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism.; "
},
{
"identifier": "Alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency.",
"acronym": "A1ATD.",
"accession": "DI-02928",
"synonyms": null,
"cross_references": "MeSH; D019896.",
"definition": "A disorder whose most common manifestation is emphysema, which becomes evident by the third to fourth decade. A less common manifestation of the deficiency is liver disease, which occurs in children and adults, and may result in cirrhosis and liver failure. Environmental factors, particularly cigarette smoking, greatly increase the risk of emphysema at an earlier age. ",
"keywords": null
},
{
"identifier": "Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism 13 with or without anosmia.",
"acronym": "HH13.",
"accession": "DI-03573",
"synonyms": null,
"cross_references": "MeSH; D007006.",
"definition": "A disorder characterized by absent or incomplete sexual maturation by the age of 18 years, in conjunction with low levels of circulating gonadotropins and testosterone and no other abnormalities of the hypothalamic-pituitary axis. In some cases, it is associated with non- reproductive phenotypes, such as anosmia, cleft palate, and sensorineural hearing loss. Anosmia or hyposmia is related to the absence or hypoplasia of the olfactory bulbs and tracts. Hypogonadism is due to deficiency in gonadotropin-releasing hormone and probably results from a failure of embryonic migration of gonadotropin- releasing hormone-synthesizing neurons. In the presence of anosmia, idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism is referred to as Kallmann syndrome, whereas in the presence of a normal sense of smell, it has been termed normosmic idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (nIHH). ",
"keywords": "KW-1016:Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism.; "
},
{
"identifier": "Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism 14 with or without anosmia.",
"acronym": "HH14.",
"accession": "DI-03574",
"synonyms": null,
"cross_references": "MeSH; D007006.",
"definition": "A disorder characterized by absent or incomplete sexual maturation by the age of 18 years, in conjunction with low levels of circulating gonadotropins and testosterone and no other abnormalities of the hypothalamic-pituitary axis. In some cases, it is associated with non- reproductive phenotypes, such as anosmia, cleft palate, and sensorineural hearing loss. Anosmia or hyposmia is related to the absence or hypoplasia of the olfactory bulbs and tracts. Hypogonadism is due to deficiency in gonadotropin-releasing hormone and probably results from a failure of embryonic migration of gonadotropin- releasing hormone-synthesizing neurons. In the presence of anosmia, idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism is referred to as Kallmann syndrome, whereas in the presence of a normal sense of smell, it has been termed normosmic idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (nIHH). ",
"keywords": "KW-0956:Kallmann syndrome.; KW-1016:Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism.; "
},
{
"identifier": "Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism 15 with or without anosmia.",
"acronym": "HH15.",
"accession": "DI-03575",
"synonyms": null,
"cross_references": "MeSH; D007006.",
"definition": "A disorder characterized by absent or incomplete sexual maturation by the age of 18 years, in conjunction with low levels of circulating gonadotropins and testosterone and no other abnormalities of the hypothalamic-pituitary axis. In some cases, it is associated with non- reproductive phenotypes, such as anosmia, cleft palate, and sensorineural hearing loss. Anosmia or hyposmia is related to the absence or hypoplasia of the olfactory bulbs and tracts. Hypogonadism is due to deficiency in gonadotropin-releasing hormone and probably results from a failure of embryonic migration of gonadotropin- releasing hormone-synthesizing neurons. In the presence of anosmia, idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism is referred to as Kallmann syndrome, whereas in the presence of a normal sense of smell, it has been termed normosmic idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (nIHH). ",
"keywords": "KW-0956:Kallmann syndrome.; KW-1016:Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism.; "
},
{
"identifier": "Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism 16 with or without anosmia.",
"acronym": "HH16.",
"accession": "DI-03576",
"synonyms": null,
"cross_references": "MeSH; D007006.",
"definition": "A disorder characterized by absent or incomplete sexual maturation by the age of 18 years, in conjunction with low levels of circulating gonadotropins and testosterone and no other abnormalities of the hypothalamic-pituitary axis. In some cases, it is associated with non- reproductive phenotypes, such as anosmia, cleft palate, and sensorineural hearing loss. Anosmia or hyposmia is related to the absence or hypoplasia of the olfactory bulbs and tracts. Hypogonadism is due to deficiency in gonadotropin-releasing hormone and probably results from a failure of embryonic migration of gonadotropin- releasing hormone-synthesizing neurons. In the presence of anosmia, idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism is referred to as Kallmann syndrome, whereas in the presence of a normal sense of smell, it has been termed normosmic idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (nIHH). ",
"keywords": "KW-0956:Kallmann syndrome.; KW-1016:Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism.; "
},
{
"identifier": "Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism 17 with or without anosmia.",
"acronym": "HH17.",
"accession": "DI-03768",
"synonyms": null,
"cross_references": "MeSH; D007006.",
"definition": "A disorder characterized by absent or incomplete sexual maturation by the age of 18 years, in conjunction with low levels of circulating gonadotropins and testosterone and no other abnormalities of the hypothalamic-pituitary axis. In some cases, it is associated with non- reproductive phenotypes, such as anosmia, cleft palate, and sensorineural hearing loss. Anosmia or hyposmia is related to the absence or hypoplasia of the olfactory bulbs and tracts. Hypogonadism is due to deficiency in gonadotropin-releasing hormone and probably results from a failure of embryonic migration of gonadotropin- releasing hormone-synthesizing neurons. In the presence of anosmia, idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism is referred to as Kallmann syndrome, whereas in the presence of a normal sense of smell, it has been termed normosmic idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (nIHH). ",
"keywords": "KW-0956:Kallmann syndrome.; KW-1016:Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism.; "
},
{
"identifier": "Hypomyelination with brainstem and spinal cord involvement and leg spasticity.",
"acronym": "HBSL.",
"accession": "DI-03775",
"synonyms": null,
"cross_references": "MeSH; D020279.",
"definition": "An autosomal recessive leukoencephalopathy characterized by onset in the first year of life of severe spasticity, mainly affecting the lower limbs and resulting in an inability to achieve independent ambulation. Affected individuals show delayed motor development and nystagmus; some may have mild intellectual disability. Brain MRI shows hypomyelination and white matter lesions in the cerebrum, brainstem, cerebellum, and spinal cord. ",
"keywords": null
},
{
"identifier": "Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism 18 with or without anosmia.",
"acronym": "HH18.",
"accession": "DI-03769",
"synonyms": null,
"cross_references": "MeSH; D007006.",
"definition": "A disorder characterized by absent or incomplete sexual maturation by the age of 18 years, in conjunction with low levels of circulating gonadotropins and testosterone and no other abnormalities of the hypothalamic-pituitary axis. In some cases, it is associated with non- reproductive phenotypes, such as anosmia, cleft palate, and sensorineural hearing loss. Anosmia or hyposmia is related to the absence or hypoplasia of the olfactory bulbs and tracts. Hypogonadism is due to deficiency in gonadotropin-releasing hormone and probably results from a failure of embryonic migration of gonadotropin- releasing hormone-synthesizing neurons. In the presence of anosmia, idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism is referred to as Kallmann syndrome, whereas in the presence of a normal sense of smell, it has been termed normosmic idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (nIHH). ",
"keywords": "KW-0956:Kallmann syndrome.; KW-1016:Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism.; "
},
{
"identifier": "Spermatogenic failure 61.",
"acronym": "SPGF61.",
"accession": "DI-06206",
"synonyms": null,
"cross_references": "MeSH; D007248.",
"definition": "An autosomal recessive male infertility disorder characterized by non- obstructive azoospermia, due to complete meiotic arrest at the primary spermatocyte stage. ",
"keywords": null
}
]
}