{"count":543,"next":"https://cinder.proteo.info/api/subcellular_locations/?format=json&limit=20&offset=180","previous":"https://cinder.proteo.info/api/subcellular_locations/?format=json&limit=20&offset=140","results":[{"location_identifier":"Mitochondrion intermembrane space.","topology_identifier":null,"orientation_identifier":null,"accession":"SL-0169","definition":"The mitochondrial intermembrane space is the space between inner and outer mitochondrial membrane. ","synonyms":"Mitochondrial intermembrane space; Mitochondrial periplasm;; Mitochondrial periplasmic space.; ","content":"Mitochondrion intermembrane space.","is_a":null,"part_of":"Mitochondrion envelope.; ","keyword":null,"gene_ontology":"GO:0005758; mitochondrial intermembrane space; ","annotation":null,"references":null,"links":null},{"location_identifier":"Mitochondrion matrix.","topology_identifier":null,"orientation_identifier":null,"accession":"SL-0170","definition":"The matrix of a mitochondrion is the mitochondrion internal spaces enclosed by the inner membrane. Several of the steps in cellular respiration occur in the matrix due to its high concentration of enzymes. ","synonyms":"Mitochondrial matrix.; ","content":"Mitochondrion matrix.","is_a":null,"part_of":"Mitochondrion.; ","keyword":null,"gene_ontology":"GO:0005759; mitochondrial matrix; ","annotation":null,"references":null,"links":null},{"location_identifier":"Mitochondrion membrane.","topology_identifier":null,"orientation_identifier":null,"accession":"SL-0171","definition":"The membrane surrounding a mitochondrion. This term is used when it is not known if the protein is found in or associated with the inner or outer mitochondrial membrane. ","synonyms":"Mitochondrial membrane.; ","content":"Mitochondrion membrane.","is_a":"Membrane.; ","part_of":"Mitochondrion envelope.; ","keyword":null,"gene_ontology":"GO:0031966; mitochondrial membrane; ","annotation":null,"references":null,"links":null},{"location_identifier":"Mitochondrion outer membrane.","topology_identifier":null,"orientation_identifier":null,"accession":"SL-0172","definition":"The outer membrane of a mitochondrion is the mitochondrial membrane facing the cytoplasm. ","synonyms":"Mitochondrial outer membrane; Outer mitochondrial membrane.; ","content":"Mitochondrion outer membrane.","is_a":"Mitochondrion membrane.; ","part_of":null,"keyword":"KW-1000","gene_ontology":"GO:0005741; mitochondrial outer membrane; ","annotation":null,"references":null,"links":null},{"location_identifier":"Mitochondrion.","topology_identifier":null,"orientation_identifier":null,"accession":"SL-0173","definition":"The mitochondrion is a semiautonomous, self-reproducing organelle that occurs in the cytoplasm of all cells of most, but not all, eukaryotes. Each mitochondrion is surrounded by a double limiting membrane. The inner membrane is highly invaginated, and its projections are called cristae. Mitochondria are the sites of the reactions of oxidative phosphorylation, which result in the formation of ATP. The size and coding capacity of the mitochondrial DNA varies considerably in different organisms, and encodes rRNAs, tRNAs and essential mitochondrial proteins. ","synonyms":null,"content":"Mitochondrion.","is_a":null,"part_of":null,"keyword":"KW-0496","gene_ontology":"GO:0005739; mitochondrion; ","annotation":null,"references":null,"links":null},{"location_identifier":"Multivesicular body.","topology_identifier":null,"orientation_identifier":null,"accession":"SL-0174","definition":"The multivesicular bodies are a type of late endosome containing internal vesicles formed following the inward budding of the outer endosomal membrane. The contents of the MVBs are then released into the lysosome lumen. The proteins found in the limiting membrane of MVBs are recycled to other compartments. ","synonyms":"Corpuscula multivesicularis; ECV; Endosomal carrier vesicle;; Multivesicular bodies; MVB.; ","content":"Endosome, multivesicular body.","is_a":"Late endosome.; ","part_of":null,"keyword":null,"gene_ontology":"GO:0005771; multivesicular body; ","annotation":null,"references":null,"links":"http://www.uni-mainz.de/FB/Medizin/Anatomie/workshop/EM/EMMVBE.html; "},{"location_identifier":"Multivesicular body membrane.","topology_identifier":null,"orientation_identifier":null,"accession":"SL-0175","definition":"The membrane surrounding the multivesicular bodies. ","synonyms":"Corpuscula multivesicularis membrane; ECV membrane;; Endosomal carrier vesicle membrane; Multivesicular bodies membrane;; MVB membrane.; ","content":"Endosome, multivesicular body membrane.","is_a":"Endosome membrane.; ","part_of":"Multivesicular body.; ","keyword":null,"gene_ontology":"GO:0032585; multivesicular body membrane; ","annotation":null,"references":null,"links":null},{"location_identifier":"Myelin membrane.","topology_identifier":null,"orientation_identifier":null,"accession":"SL-0176","definition":"The myelin membrane is the white matter coating our nerves, enabling them to conduct impulses between the brain and other parts of the body. It consists of a layer of proteins packed between two layers of lipids. This specialized cell membrane is produced by oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system, and Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system. Myelin sheaths wrap themselves around axons, the threadlike extensions of neurons that make up nerve fibers. Each oligodendrocyte can myelinate several axons. The major function of myelin is to increase the velocity of propagation of nerve impulses. ","synonyms":"Myelin; Myelin sheath.; ","content":"Myelin membrane.","is_a":"Cell membrane.; ","part_of":null,"keyword":null,"gene_ontology":"GO:0043209; myelin sheath; ","annotation":null,"references":null,"links":"https://www.myelin.org/; "},{"location_identifier":"Nematocyst.","topology_identifier":null,"orientation_identifier":null,"accession":"SL-0177","definition":"The nematocyst is an organelle found in nematoblast (cnidoblast) cells. When matured, these stinging organelles store toxins and can deliver them when the cnidocil (a short extension of the nematocyst) is stimulated by a prey or another stimulus. These proteins are principally found in anemones and jellyfishes. ","synonyms":"Cnidocyst.; ","content":"Nematocyst.","is_a":null,"part_of":null,"keyword":"KW-0166","gene_ontology":"GO:0042151; nematocyst; ","annotation":null,"references":null,"links":null},{"location_identifier":"Nucleus envelope.","topology_identifier":null,"orientation_identifier":null,"accession":"SL-0178","definition":"The nuclear envelope is a membrane system which surrounds the nucleoplasm of eukaryotic cells. It is composed of the nuclear lamina, nuclear pore complexes and two nuclear membranes. The space between the two membranes is called the nuclear intermembrane space. ","synonyms":"Karyotheca; Nuclear envelope; Nucleolemma; Perinuclear envelope.; ","content":"Nucleus envelope.","is_a":null,"part_of":"Nucleus.; ","keyword":null,"gene_ontology":"GO:0005635; nuclear envelope; ","annotation":null,"references":null,"links":null},{"location_identifier":"Nucleus inner membrane.","topology_identifier":null,"orientation_identifier":null,"accession":"SL-0179","definition":"The inner membrane of the nucleus is the membrane which separates the nuclear matrix from the intermembrane space. In mammals, the inner nuclear membrane is associated with heterochromatin and the nuclear lamina. ","synonyms":"Inner nuclear membrane; Nuclear inner membrane.; ","content":"Nucleus inner membrane.","is_a":"Nucleus membrane.; ","part_of":null,"keyword":null,"gene_ontology":"GO:0005637; nuclear inner membrane; ","annotation":null,"references":null,"links":null},{"location_identifier":"Nucleus lamina.","topology_identifier":null,"orientation_identifier":null,"accession":"SL-0180","definition":"The nuclear lamina is a meshwork of intermediate filament proteins called lamins and lamin-binding proteins that are embedded in the inner nuclear membrane. ","synonyms":"Nuclear lamina.; ","content":"Nucleus lamina.","is_a":null,"part_of":"Nucleus envelope.; ","keyword":null,"gene_ontology":"GO:0005652; nuclear lamina; ","annotation":null,"references":null,"links":null},{"location_identifier":"Nucleus matrix.","topology_identifier":null,"orientation_identifier":null,"accession":"SL-0181","definition":"The nuclear matrix is a three-dimensional filamentous protein network, found in the nucleoplasm, which provides a structural framework for organising chromatin, while facilitating transcription and replication. ","synonyms":"Nuclear matrix; Nuclear scaffold; Nuclear skeleton.; ","content":"Nucleus matrix.","is_a":null,"part_of":"Nucleus.; ","keyword":null,"gene_ontology":"GO:0016363; nuclear matrix; ","annotation":null,"references":null,"links":null},{"location_identifier":"Nucleus membrane.","topology_identifier":null,"orientation_identifier":null,"accession":"SL-0182","definition":"The membrane surrounding the nucleus. This term is used when it is not known if the protein is found in or associated with the inner or outer nuclear membrane. ","synonyms":"Nuclear membrane.; ","content":"Nucleus membrane.","is_a":"Membrane.; ","part_of":"Endomembrane system.; Nucleus envelope.; ","keyword":null,"gene_ontology":"GO:0031965; nuclear membrane; ","annotation":null,"references":null,"links":null},{"location_identifier":"Nucleus outer membrane.","topology_identifier":null,"orientation_identifier":null,"accession":"SL-0183","definition":"The outer membrane of the nucleus is the membrane facing the cytoplasm. In mammals, the outer nuclear membrane is continuous in many places with the rough endoplasmic reticulum and is dotted with ribosomes. ","synonyms":"Nuclear outer membrane; Outer nuclear membrane.; ","content":"Nucleus outer membrane.","is_a":"Nucleus membrane.; ","part_of":null,"keyword":null,"gene_ontology":"GO:0005640; nuclear outer membrane; ","annotation":null,"references":null,"links":null},{"location_identifier":"Nucleus intermembrane space.","topology_identifier":null,"orientation_identifier":null,"accession":"SL-0184","definition":"The nuclear intermembrane space is the space between the inner and outer nuclear membranes. ","synonyms":"Nuclear envelope lumen; Nuclear intermembrane space;; Nuclear periplasm; Nuclear periplasmic space; Nucleus envelope lumen;; Perinuclear space.; ","content":"Nucleus intermembrane space.","is_a":null,"part_of":"Nucleus envelope.; ","keyword":null,"gene_ontology":"GO:0005641; nuclear envelope lumen; ","annotation":null,"references":null,"links":null},{"location_identifier":"Nuclear pore complex.","topology_identifier":null,"orientation_identifier":null,"accession":"SL-0185","definition":"The nuclear pore complex (NPC) constitutes the exclusive means of nucleocytoplasmic transport in eukaryotes during interphase. NPCs allow the passive diffusion of ions and small molecules (up to about 20 kDa or 5 nm) and the active, nuclear transport receptor (karyopherin: importin and exportin)-mediated bidirectional transport of macromolecules such as proteins, RNAs, ribonucleoprotein (RNPs), and ribosomal subunits (up to about 10 MDa) across the double-membrane nuclear envelope. NPC components, collectively referred to as nucleoporins (NUPs), can play the role of both NPC structural components and of docking or interaction partners for transiently associated nuclear transport factors. The NPC is composed of at least 30 distinct subunits, shows 8-fold rotational symmetry with specialized structures on the cyto- and nucleoplasmic side and in the nuclear envelope embedded core. The MW varies from about 44-60 MDa in S. cerevisiae to 60-120 MDa in vertebrates, yet the overall architecture is conserved. ","synonyms":"NPC; Nuclear pore.; ","content":"Nucleus, nuclear pore complex.","is_a":null,"part_of":"Nucleus envelope.; ","keyword":"KW-0906","gene_ontology":"GO:0005643; nuclear pore; ","annotation":null,"references":null,"links":null},{"location_identifier":"Nucleus speckle.","topology_identifier":null,"orientation_identifier":null,"accession":"SL-0186","definition":"The nuclear speckles are small subnuclear membraneless organelles or structures, also called the splicing factor (SF) compartments that correspond to nuclear domains located in interchromatin regions of the nucleoplasm of mammalian cells. Protein found in speckles serves as a reservoir of factors that participate in transcription and pre-mRNA processing. Speckles appear, at the immunofluorescence-microscope level, as irregular, punctuate structures, which vary in size and shape. Usually 25-50 speckles are observed per interphase mammalian nucleus. At the electronic-microscope level, they are composed of heterogeneous mixture of electro-dense particles with diameters ranging from 20-25 nm and are called interchromatin granules clusters (IGCs). Speckles are dynamic structures. Both their protein and RNA- protein components can cycle continuously between speckles and other nuclear locations depending on the transcriptional state of the cell. Structures similar to nuclear speckles have been identified in the amphibian oocyte nucleus (called B snurposomes) and in Drosophila melanogaster embryos, but not in yeast. ","synonyms":"B snurposome; IGC; Interchromatin granules clusters; Nuclear speck;; Nuclear speckle; SF compartments; Splicing Factor compartments;; Splicing speckle.; ","content":"Nucleus speckle.","is_a":"Nuclear body.; ","part_of":"Nucleus.; ","keyword":null,"gene_ontology":"GO:0016607; nuclear speck; ","annotation":null,"references":null,"links":null},{"location_identifier":"Nucleoid.","topology_identifier":null,"orientation_identifier":null,"accession":"SL-0187","definition":"The nucleoid is the prokaryotic pseudocompartment formed by the chromatin-dense area. This region, which is functionally equivalent to the eukaryotic nucleus, is not surrounded by a membrane. ","synonyms":null,"content":"Cytoplasm, nucleoid.","is_a":null,"part_of":"Cytoplasm.; ","keyword":null,"gene_ontology":"GO:0009295; nucleoid; ","annotation":null,"references":null,"links":null},{"location_identifier":"Nucleolus.","topology_identifier":null,"orientation_identifier":null,"accession":"SL-0188","definition":"The nucleolus is a non-membrane bound nuclear compartment found in eukaryotic cells which is the site of ribosome biogenesis. The interphase nucleolus is organized around the tandemly repeated genes for preribosomal RNA (rRNA). It is composed of at least 2 sub- compartments: the dense fibrillar component (DFC, also called pars fibrosa) and the granular component (GC or pars granulosa). The DFC contains newly synthesized preribosomal RNA and a collection of proteins; the GC is made up of nearly completed preribosomal particles destined for the cytoplasm. In most metazoans, but generally not in lower eukaryotes, a third component, the fibrillar center (FC), can be seen. Plant and animal nuclei can contain more than one nucleolus. ","synonyms":"Nucleoli.; ","content":"Nucleus, nucleolus.","is_a":null,"part_of":"Nucleus.; ","keyword":null,"gene_ontology":"GO:0005730; nucleolus; ","annotation":null,"references":null,"links":null}]}