{"count":543,"next":"https://cinder.proteo.info/api/subcellular_locations/?format=json&limit=20&offset=220&ordering=-synonyms","previous":"https://cinder.proteo.info/api/subcellular_locations/?format=json&limit=20&offset=180&ordering=-synonyms","results":[{"location_identifier":"Host lysosome.","topology_identifier":null,"orientation_identifier":null,"accession":"SL-0403","definition":"The host lysosome is a membrane-limited organelle present in all eukaryotic cells, which contains a large number of hydrolytic enzymes that are used for degrading almost any kind of cellular constituent, including entire organelles. The mechanisms responsible for delivering cytoplasmic cargo to the host lysosome/vacuole are known collectively as autophagy and play an important role in the maintenance of homeostasis. ","synonyms":null,"content":"Host lysosome.","is_a":null,"part_of":"Host cell.; ","keyword":"KW-1042","gene_ontology":"GO:0044187; host cell lysosome; ","annotation":null,"references":null,"links":null},{"location_identifier":"Magnetosome membrane.","topology_identifier":null,"orientation_identifier":null,"accession":"SL-0512","definition":"The magnetosome membrane. ","synonyms":null,"content":"Magnetosome membrane.","is_a":"Membrane.; ","part_of":"Magnetosome.; ","keyword":null,"gene_ontology":"GO:0110146; magnetosome membrane; ","annotation":null,"references":null,"links":null},{"location_identifier":"Clathrin-coated pit.","topology_identifier":null,"orientation_identifier":null,"accession":"SL-0069","definition":"Coated pits are regions of the cell membrane specialized in receptor- mediated endocytosis. Their cytoplasmic surface is coated with a bristlelike structure made of clathrin. During the first steps of endocytosis, clathrin-coated pits are internalized to form clathrin- coated vesicles which transport proteins from organelle to organelle. ","synonyms":null,"content":"Membrane, clathrin-coated pit.","is_a":"Coated pit.; ","part_of":null,"keyword":null,"gene_ontology":"GO:0005905; clathrin-coated pit; ","annotation":null,"references":null,"links":null},{"location_identifier":"Host late endosome.","topology_identifier":null,"orientation_identifier":null,"accession":"SL-0399","definition":"Host late endosomes are pleiomorphic with cisternal, tubular and multivesicular regions. They are found in juxtanuclear regions and concentrated at the host microtubule organizing center. They are an important sorting station in the endocytic pathway. Recycling to the plasma membrane and to the Golgi occurs in late endosomes. ","synonyms":null,"content":"Host late endosome.","is_a":null,"part_of":"Host endosome.; ","keyword":null,"gene_ontology":"GO:0044184; host cell late endosome; ","annotation":null,"references":null,"links":null},{"location_identifier":"COPI-coated vesicle membrane.","topology_identifier":null,"orientation_identifier":null,"accession":"SL-0076","definition":"The membrane surrounding a COPI-coated vesicle. COPI-coated vesicles mediate the vesicular transport of cargo such as proteins. COPI-coated vesicles are believed to bud from the cis-cisternae of the Golgi apparatus, mediate traffic from the cis-Golgi back to the ER (retrograde), and govern the flow pattern of materials within the Golgi stack. COPI is composed of the coatomer, which is a seven- subunit protein complex that participates in the formation of Golgi- derived coated vesicles. Evidence has also been presented for anterograde intra-Golgi transport mediated by COPI in yeast and mammals. ","synonyms":null,"content":"Cytoplasmic vesicle, COPI-coated vesicle membrane.","is_a":"Cytoplasmic vesicle membrane.; ","part_of":"COPI-coated vesicle.; ","keyword":null,"gene_ontology":"GO:0030663; COPI-coated vesicle membrane; ","annotation":null,"references":null,"links":null},{"location_identifier":"Growth cone.","topology_identifier":null,"orientation_identifier":null,"accession":"SL-0288","definition":"The growth cone is a dynamic cell protrusion at the tip of the extending axon or dendrite. Neuron extends a specialized structure, the growth cone, to find targets in the wiring of the nervous system. The growth cone explores its environment by extending dynamic filopodia. Growth cone is composed of an ensemble of protruding and retracting veils (lamellipodia), net growth cone advance may be considered the vector sum of all veil's motility behavior in response to their local environments. Filopodia play a key role in delimiting veils and serving to nucleate the formation of new veils. ","synonyms":null,"content":"Cell projection, growth cone.","is_a":"Neuron projection.; ","part_of":null,"keyword":null,"gene_ontology":"GO:0030426; growth cone; ","annotation":null,"references":"PubMed=17327278; DOI=10.1242/jcs.03384;; ","links":null},{"location_identifier":"Growth cone membrane.","topology_identifier":null,"orientation_identifier":null,"accession":"SL-0289","definition":"The portion of the cell membrane surrounding a growth cone. ","synonyms":null,"content":"Cell projection, growth cone membrane.","is_a":null,"part_of":"Cell membrane.; Growth cone.; ","keyword":null,"gene_ontology":"GO:0032584; growth cone membrane; ","annotation":null,"references":null,"links":null},{"location_identifier":"Ascus epiplasm.","topology_identifier":null,"orientation_identifier":null,"accession":"SL-0538","definition":"Ascus cytoplasm that is not packaged into ascospores. ","synonyms":null,"content":"Ascus epiplasm.","is_a":null,"part_of":null,"keyword":null,"gene_ontology":"GO:0072324; ascus epiplasm; ","annotation":null,"references":null,"links":null},{"location_identifier":"Hemidesmosome.","topology_identifier":null,"orientation_identifier":null,"accession":"SL-0137","definition":"The hemidesmosome is an integrin-containing adhesive junction located along the basal layer of cells where they abut the basement membrane zone. As the name implies, only half the desmosome is present; only one cell is participating, the second cell being represented by the basement membrane. ","synonyms":null,"content":"Cell junction, hemidesmosome.","is_a":"Cell junction.; ","part_of":null,"keyword":null,"gene_ontology":"GO:0030056; hemidesmosome; ","annotation":"Add \"Cell membrane\" if the protein is clearly associated with the membrane. ","references":null,"links":"http://celljunctions.med.nyu.edu/hemidesmosomes/hemimain.html; "},{"location_identifier":"Host.","topology_identifier":null,"orientation_identifier":null,"accession":"SL-0431","definition":"The host is any organism in which another organism, or symbiont, spends part or all of its life cycle. Most animals and plants live symbiotically with microorganisms. The larger organism is called the host and smaller organism the symbiont. When the interactions between the symbiont and the host benefits both partners, the symbiotic interaction is called mutualism. When there is a negative effect on one of the partners, it is called a parasitic symbiosis and if there is no beneficial or negative effect it is a commensal symbiosis. These clear-cut definitions are not always easy to apply in nature. Take the bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa for example. This bacterium can be found on the skin of humans and not cause disease, perhaps we would call it a commensial, but if the person has a severe burn P. aeruginosa can cause an infection and becomes a pathogen (a medicinal term for parasitism). This type of organism is called an opportunistic pathogen. Whether an association is a mutualist, commensal or parasitic depends on the relative \"strengths\" of the partners and the balance of power can change over time. ","synonyms":null,"content":"Host.","is_a":null,"part_of":null,"keyword":null,"gene_ontology":"GO:0018995; host cellular component; ","annotation":null,"references":null,"links":"http://web.uconn.edu/mcbstaff/graf/GenSym/GenSym.htm; "},{"location_identifier":"Microneme.","topology_identifier":null,"orientation_identifier":null,"accession":"SL-0163","definition":"The microneme is an Apicomplexan parasite organelle. Apicomplexa are named for the unique set of morphologically distinct secretory organelles (refered to as the apical complex)- micronemes, rhoptries and dense granules - whose sequential secretion is required for the invasion of host cells. Micronemes are the smallest, they are involved in the early stages of invasion. ","synonyms":null,"content":"Cytoplasmic vesicle, secretory vesicle, microneme.","is_a":"Secretory vesicle.; ","part_of":null,"keyword":null,"gene_ontology":"GO:0020009; microneme; ","annotation":null,"references":null,"links":null},{"location_identifier":"Membrane.","topology_identifier":null,"orientation_identifier":null,"accession":"SL-0162","definition":"A membrane is a lipid bilayer which surrounds enclosed spaces and compartments. This selectively permeable structure is essential for effective separation of a cell or organelle from its surroundings. Membranes are composed of various types of molecules such as phospholipids, integral membrane proteins, peripheral proteins, glycoproteins, glycolipids, etc. The relative amounts of these components as well as the types of lipids are non-randomly distributed from membrane to membrane as well as between the two leaflets of a membrane. ","synonyms":null,"content":"Membrane.","is_a":null,"part_of":null,"keyword":"KW-0472","gene_ontology":"GO:0016020; membrane; ","annotation":null,"references":null,"links":null},{"location_identifier":"Cleavage furrow.","topology_identifier":null,"orientation_identifier":null,"accession":"SL-0467","definition":"In fungal, amoeboid and animal cells, during the cytokinesis at the end of cell division, a cleavage furrow forms in the plasma membrane. A contractile ring containing actin and myosin is assembled at the selected site of the future cleavage furrow. Ring contraction produces the force to constrict the cleavage furrow and the daughter cells separate by membrane fusion. ","synonyms":null,"content":"Cleavage furrow.","is_a":null,"part_of":null,"keyword":null,"gene_ontology":"GO:0032154; cleavage furrow; ","annotation":null,"references":null,"links":null},{"location_identifier":"Host cell.","topology_identifier":null,"orientation_identifier":null,"accession":"SL-0427","definition":"A cell within a host organism including the host cell membrane and any external encapsulating structures such as the host cell wall and cell envelope. ","synonyms":null,"content":"Host cell.","is_a":null,"part_of":null,"keyword":null,"gene_ontology":"GO:0043657; host cell; ","annotation":null,"references":null,"links":null},{"location_identifier":"Coated pit.","topology_identifier":null,"orientation_identifier":null,"accession":"SL-0072","definition":"Coated pits are regions of the donor membrane where the assembly of the vesicle coat take place. The coat assembles from soluble protomers such as coat protein complex-I and coat protein complex-II. The components of the coat often define the intracellular sorting station, and contribute to both membrane deformation and local movement of the resulting transport intermediate following scission. During the first steps of the vesicle-mediated membrane transport, coated pits are internalized to form coated vesicles which transport proteins between distinct membrane-bound organelles. ","synonyms":null,"content":"Membrane, coated pit.","is_a":null,"part_of":"Endomembrane system.; ","keyword":"KW-0168","gene_ontology":null,"annotation":null,"references":null,"links":null},{"location_identifier":"Pseudopodium membrane.","topology_identifier":null,"orientation_identifier":null,"accession":"SL-0299","definition":"The portion of the cell membrane surrounding a pseudopodium. ","synonyms":null,"content":"Cell projection, pseudopodium membrane.","is_a":null,"part_of":"Cell membrane.; Pseudopodium.; ","keyword":null,"gene_ontology":"GO:0031260; pseudopodium membrane; ","annotation":null,"references":null,"links":null},{"location_identifier":"Host cell junction.","topology_identifier":null,"orientation_identifier":null,"accession":"SL-0374","definition":"The host cell junction is a host cell-host cell or host cell-host extracellular matrix contact within a tissue of a host multicellular organism, especially abundant in host epithelia. In vertebrates, there are three major types of cell junctions: anchoring junctions (e.g. adherens junctions), communicating junctions (e.g. gap junctions) and occluding junctions (e.g. tight junctions). ","synonyms":null,"content":"Host cell junction.","is_a":null,"part_of":"Host.; ","keyword":"KW-1031","gene_ontology":"GO:0044156; host cell junction; ","annotation":null,"references":null,"links":null},{"location_identifier":"Chloroplast thylakoid lumen.","topology_identifier":null,"orientation_identifier":null,"accession":"SL-0057","definition":"The chloroplast thylakoid lumen is the chloroplast compartment bounded by the thylakoid membranes. ","synonyms":null,"content":"Plastid, chloroplast thylakoid lumen.","is_a":"Plastid thylakoid lumen.; ","part_of":"Chloroplast thylakoid.; ","keyword":null,"gene_ontology":"GO:0009543; chloroplast thylakoid lumen; ","annotation":null,"references":null,"links":null},{"location_identifier":"Cytolytic granule membrane.","topology_identifier":null,"orientation_identifier":null,"accession":"SL-0547","definition":"The cytolytic granule membrane is the membrane surrounding a cytolytic granule. ","synonyms":null,"content":"Cytolytic granule membrane.","is_a":"Lysosome membrane.; ","part_of":"Cytolytic granule.; ","keyword":null,"gene_ontology":"GO:0101004; cytolytic granule membrane; ","annotation":null,"references":null,"links":null},{"location_identifier":"Vesicle.","topology_identifier":null,"orientation_identifier":null,"accession":"SL-0498","definition":"A vesicle is a small structure consisting of fluid enclosed by a lipid bilayer. Vesicles form naturally during the processes of secretion (exocytosis), uptake (endocytosis) and transport of materials within the cytoplasm or between cells, and exist both within the cell and in the extracellular space. ","synonyms":null,"content":"Vesicle.","is_a":null,"part_of":null,"keyword":null,"gene_ontology":"GO:0031982; vesicle; ","annotation":null,"references":"PubMed=24769233; DOI=10.1016/j.jprot.2014.04.028;; ","links":null}]}