{"count":543,"next":"https://cinder.proteo.info/api/subcellular_locations/?format=json&limit=20&offset=540&ordering=-synonyms","previous":"https://cinder.proteo.info/api/subcellular_locations/?format=json&limit=20&offset=500&ordering=-synonyms","results":[{"location_identifier":"Axon.","topology_identifier":null,"orientation_identifier":null,"accession":"SL-0279","definition":"The axon is the long process of a neuron that conducts nerve impulses, usually away from the cell body to the terminals and varicosities, which are sites of storage and release of neurotransmitter. ","synonyms":"Axon shaft.; ","content":"Cell projection, axon.","is_a":"Neuron projection.; ","part_of":null,"keyword":null,"gene_ontology":"GO:0030424; axon; ","annotation":null,"references":null,"links":null},{"location_identifier":"Autophagosome.","topology_identifier":null,"orientation_identifier":null,"accession":"SL-0023","definition":"The autophagosome is a double membrane vesicle involved in the degradation of long-lived proteins, unnecessary or damaged organelles as well as other cellular constituents such as lipids or carbohydrates. Crescent-shape isolation membranes or phagophores can sequester cytoplasm and organelles giving rise to autophagosomes. The outer membrane of the autophagosomes then fuse with vacuoles and/or lysosomes and the inner membrane vesicles (termed autophagic bodies) are released into the vacuole/lysosome lumen. These vesicles are then lysed and the contents are degraded by resident hydrolases. ","synonyms":"Autophagic vacuole.; ","content":"Cytoplasmic vesicle, autophagosome.","is_a":"Cytoplasmic vesicle.; ","part_of":null,"keyword":null,"gene_ontology":"GO:0005776; autophagosome; ","annotation":null,"references":null,"links":null},{"location_identifier":"Autophagosome membrane.","topology_identifier":null,"orientation_identifier":null,"accession":"SL-0022","definition":"The membrane surrounding the autophagosome. ","synonyms":"Autophagic vacuolar membrane; Autophagic vacuole membrane;; Autophagosomal membrane.; ","content":"Cytoplasmic vesicle, autophagosome membrane.","is_a":"Cytoplasmic vesicle membrane.; ","part_of":"Autophagosome.; ","keyword":null,"gene_ontology":"GO:0000421; autophagosome membrane; ","annotation":null,"references":null,"links":null},{"location_identifier":"Autophagosome lumen.","topology_identifier":null,"orientation_identifier":null,"accession":"SL-0318","definition":"The autophagosomal compartment bounded by the autophagosomal membrane. ","synonyms":"Autophagic vacuolar lumen; Autophagic vacuole lumen;; Autophagosomal lumen.; ","content":"Cytoplasmic vesicle, autophagosome lumen.","is_a":"Cytoplasmic vesicle lumen.; ","part_of":"Autophagosome.; ","keyword":null,"gene_ontology":"GO:0034423; autophagosome lumen; ","annotation":null,"references":null,"links":null},{"location_identifier":"Spore.","topology_identifier":null,"orientation_identifier":null,"accession":"SL-0539","definition":"Spores are hardy unicellular units used by various bacteria, fungi, plants and protozoa to allow them to remain dormant during long periods of time and under often unfavorable conditions. ","synonyms":"Ascospore; Basidiospore; Chlamydospore; Megaspore; Microspore;; Teliospore; Tetraspore; Zoospore.; ","content":"Spore.","is_a":null,"part_of":null,"keyword":null,"gene_ontology":null,"annotation":null,"references":null,"links":null},{"location_identifier":"Inflammasome.","topology_identifier":null,"orientation_identifier":null,"accession":"SL-0488","definition":"Inflammasomes are supramolecular micron-sized complexes that assemble in the cytosol adjacent to the nucleus in response to pathogens and other damage-associated signals. The inflammasome assembly leads to the activation of proinflammatory procaspases, hence is usually involved in innate immunity and inflammation. The core of inflammasomes consists of at least 2 components: a signal sensor and an effector inflammatory caspase (mostly CASP1). However, most inflammasomes contain a third element, an adaptor (often ASC/PYCARD). The interaction between the sensor component and the adaptor initiates speck formation (nucleation) which greatly enhances further addition of soluble adaptor molecules to the speck in a prion-like polymerization process. The kinetic properties of the adaptor aggregation have been shown to generate a rapid 'all-or-none' response, this is why only one speck by cell is observed. ","synonyms":"ASC focus; ASC speck.; ","content":"Inflammasome.","is_a":null,"part_of":"Cytosol.; ","keyword":"KW-1271","gene_ontology":"GO:0061702; canonical inflammasome complex; ","annotation":null,"references":null,"links":null},{"location_identifier":"Archaeal flagellum.","topology_identifier":null,"orientation_identifier":null,"accession":"SL-0306","definition":"The archaellum (archaeal flagellum) is the motility apparatus of archaea which propels the cell through liquid medium. The archaellum is the functional equivalent of the bacterial flagellum but its architecture, composition and mode of assembly is completely unrelated. The archaellum is thinner (10-15 nm) compared to the bacterial flagellum (18-24 nm). Its filament is assembled from archaellin subunits, which are N-glycosylated proteins. The archaellum is considered to be a type IV pilus-like structure. ","synonyms":"Archaeal flagella; Archaeal flagellar apparatus; Archaellum.; ","content":"Archaeal flagellum.","is_a":null,"part_of":null,"keyword":"KW-0974","gene_ontology":"GO:0097589; archaeal-type flagellum; ","annotation":null,"references":null,"links":null},{"location_identifier":"Golgi apparatus membrane.","topology_identifier":null,"orientation_identifier":null,"accession":"SL-0134","definition":"The membrane surrounding the Golgi apparatus. ","synonyms":"Apparatus golgiensis membrane; Complexus golgiensis membrane;; Golgi complex membrane; Golgi membrane.; ","content":"Golgi apparatus membrane.","is_a":"Membrane.; ","part_of":"Golgi apparatus.; Endomembrane system.; ","keyword":null,"gene_ontology":"GO:0000139; Golgi membrane; ","annotation":null,"references":null,"links":null},{"location_identifier":"Golgi apparatus lumen.","topology_identifier":null,"orientation_identifier":null,"accession":"SL-0133","definition":"The Golgi lumen consist of the cisternal spaces (or internal lumen) of the Golgi apparatus. ","synonyms":"Apparatus golgiensis lumen; Complexus golgiensis lumen;; Golgi complex lumen; Golgi lumen.; ","content":"Golgi apparatus lumen.","is_a":null,"part_of":"Golgi apparatus.; ","keyword":null,"gene_ontology":"GO:0005796; Golgi lumen; ","annotation":null,"references":null,"links":null},{"location_identifier":"Golgi apparatus.","topology_identifier":null,"orientation_identifier":null,"accession":"SL-0132","definition":"The Golgi apparatus is a series of flattened, cisternal membranes and similar vesicles usually arranged in close apposition to each other to form stacks. In mammalian cells, the Golgi apparatus is juxtanuclear, often pericentriolar. The stacks are connected laterally by tubules to create a perinuclear ribbon structure, the 'Golgi ribbon'. In plants and lower animal cells, the Golgi exists as many copies of discrete stacks dispersed throughout the cytoplasm. The Golgi is a polarized structure with, in most higher eukaryotic cells, a cis-face associated with a tubular reticular network of membranes facing the endoplasmic reticulum, the cis-Golgi network (CGN), a medial area of disk-shaped flattened cisternae, and a trans-face associated with another tubular reticular membrane network, the trans-Golgi network (TGN) directed toward the plasma membrane and compartments of the endocytic pathway. The Golgi apparatus receives the entire output of de novo synthesized polypeptides from the ER, and functions to posttranslationally process and sort them within vesicles destined to their proper final destination (e.g. plasma membrane, endosomes, lysosomes). ","synonyms":"Apparatus golgiensis; Complexus golgiensis; Golgi; Golgi complex.; ","content":"Golgi apparatus.","is_a":null,"part_of":null,"keyword":"KW-0333","gene_ontology":"GO:0005794; Golgi apparatus; ","annotation":"Compartment specific marker: GolgB1/Giantin. ","references":null,"links":null},{"location_identifier":"Apicolateral cell membrane.","topology_identifier":null,"orientation_identifier":null,"accession":"SL-0017","definition":"The fraction of the cell membrane at the apical end of the lateral plasma membrane of the cell. ","synonyms":"Apicolateral plasma membrane.; ","content":"Apicolateral cell membrane.","is_a":null,"part_of":"Cell membrane.; ","keyword":null,"gene_ontology":"GO:0016327; apicolateral plasma membrane; ","annotation":null,"references":null,"links":null},{"location_identifier":"Apical cell membrane.","topology_identifier":null,"orientation_identifier":null,"accession":"SL-0015","definition":"The fraction of the cell membrane at the apical end of the cell, which faces the outside world or the lumen of the cavity. ","synonyms":"Apical plasma membrane.; ","content":"Apical cell membrane.","is_a":null,"part_of":"Cell membrane.; ","keyword":null,"gene_ontology":"GO:0016324; apical plasma membrane; ","annotation":null,"references":null,"links":null},{"location_identifier":"Adherens junction.","topology_identifier":null,"orientation_identifier":null,"accession":"SL-0009","definition":"The adherens junction is an adhesion complex that localizes close to the apical membrane in epithelial cells. These junctions join the actin cytoskeleton to the plasma membrane to form adhesive contacts between cells or between cells and extracellular matrix. AJs mediate both cell adhesion and signaling. ","synonyms":"AJ; ZA; Zonula adherens.; ","content":"Cell junction, adherens junction.","is_a":"Cell junction.; ","part_of":null,"keyword":null,"gene_ontology":"GO:0005912; adherens junction; ","annotation":"Add \"Cell membrane\" if the protein is clearly associated with the membrane. ","references":null,"links":null},{"location_identifier":"Lipid droplet.","topology_identifier":null,"orientation_identifier":null,"accession":"SL-0154","definition":"The lipid droplet is a dynamic cytoplasmic organelle which consists of an heterogeneous macromolecular assembly of lipids and proteins covered by a unique phospholipid monolayer. Lipid droplets may play a role in lipid metabolism and storage, and they may be involved in the regulation of intracellular trafficking and signal transduction. ","synonyms":"Adiposome; Lipid bodies; Lipid body; Lipid particle;; Monolayer-surrounded lipid storage body; Oil bodies; Oil body;; Oleosome; Spherosome.; ","content":"Lipid droplet.","is_a":null,"part_of":null,"keyword":"KW-0551","gene_ontology":"GO:0005811; lipid droplet; ","annotation":null,"references":null,"links":null},{"location_identifier":"Actin patch.","topology_identifier":null,"orientation_identifier":null,"accession":"SL-0008","definition":"The actin patch is a highly dynamic actin structure in fungi required primarily for endocytosis but possibly also coupled to exocytosis. Actin patches are highly motile, they first assemble at sites of polarized cell growth and then move slowly and nondirectionally along the cell cortex. ","synonyms":"Actin cortical patch.; ","content":"Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, actin patch.","is_a":null,"part_of":"Cytoskeleton.; ","keyword":null,"gene_ontology":"GO:0030479; actin cortical patch; ","annotation":"The actin patch is a specialised structure which is specific to fungi so this term should be used only for fungal species. ","references":null,"links":null},{"location_identifier":"Acrosome.","topology_identifier":null,"orientation_identifier":null,"accession":"SL-0007","definition":"The acrosome is a large lysosome-like vesicle overlying the sperm nucleus. This spermatid specific organelle, derived from the Golgi during spermatogenesis, contains both unique acrosomal enzymes and common enzymes associated with lysosomes in somatic cells. Only sperm that have undergone the acrosome reaction can fuse with egg plasma membrane. The acrosome reaction is characterized by multiple fusions of the outer acrosomal membrane with the sperm cell membrane. ","synonyms":"Acrosomal vesicle.; ","content":"Cytoplasmic vesicle, secretory vesicle, acrosome.","is_a":"Secretory vesicle.; ","part_of":null,"keyword":null,"gene_ontology":"GO:0001669; acrosomal vesicle; ","annotation":null,"references":null,"links":null},{"location_identifier":"Acrosome outer membrane.","topology_identifier":null,"orientation_identifier":null,"accession":"SL-0447","definition":"The portion of the acrosomal membrane just beneath the sperm cell membrane. ","synonyms":"Acrosomal outer membrane; Outer acrosomal membrane.; ","content":"Cytoplasmic vesicle, secretory vesicle, acrosome outer membrane.","is_a":null,"part_of":"Acrosome membrane.; ","keyword":null,"gene_ontology":"GO:0002081; outer acrosomal membrane; ","annotation":null,"references":null,"links":null},{"location_identifier":"Acrosome membrane.","topology_identifier":null,"orientation_identifier":null,"accession":"SL-0006","definition":"The membrane of the acrosome. ","synonyms":"Acrosomal membrane.; ","content":"Cytoplasmic vesicle, secretory vesicle, acrosome membrane.","is_a":"Secretory vesicle membrane.; ","part_of":"Acrosome.; Endomembrane system.; ","keyword":null,"gene_ontology":"GO:0002080; acrosomal membrane; ","annotation":null,"references":null,"links":null},{"location_identifier":"Acrosome lumen.","topology_identifier":null,"orientation_identifier":null,"accession":"SL-0005","definition":"The lumen of the acrosome. ","synonyms":"Acrosomal lumen.; ","content":"Cytoplasmic vesicle, secretory vesicle, acrosome lumen.","is_a":"Secretory vesicle lumen.; ","part_of":"Acrosome.; ","keyword":null,"gene_ontology":"GO:0043160; acrosomal lumen; ","annotation":null,"references":null,"links":null},{"location_identifier":"Acrosome inner membrane.","topology_identifier":null,"orientation_identifier":null,"accession":"SL-0004","definition":"The portion of the acrosomal membrane closely associated with the anterior region of the nuclear envelope. ","synonyms":"Acrosomal inner membrane; IAM; Inner acrosomal membrane.; ","content":"Cytoplasmic vesicle, secretory vesicle, acrosome inner membrane.","is_a":null,"part_of":"Acrosome membrane.; ","keyword":null,"gene_ontology":"GO:0002079; inner acrosomal membrane; ","annotation":null,"references":null,"links":null}]}