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{
"count": 543,
"next": "https://cinder.proteo.info/api/subcellular_locations/?format=api&limit=20&offset=160&ordering=-synonyms",
"previous": "https://cinder.proteo.info/api/subcellular_locations/?format=api&limit=20&offset=120&ordering=-synonyms",
"results": [
{
"location_identifier": "Cytoskeleton.",
"topology_identifier": null,
"orientation_identifier": null,
"accession": "SL-0090",
"definition": "The cytoskeleton is a dynamic three-dimensional filamentous structure in the cytoplasm. Its roles include maintenance of cell shape, cell movement (in eukaryotes), cytokinesis, and the organization of organelles or organelle-like structures within the cell. The cytoskeleton includes microfilaments (actin-like proteins), microtubules (tubulin-like proteins), the intermediate filaments (mostly in eukaryotes) and the MinD-ParA proteins, which appear to be unique to prokaryotes. ",
"synonyms": null,
"content": "Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton.",
"is_a": null,
"part_of": "Cytoplasm.; ",
"keyword": "KW-0206",
"gene_ontology": "GO:0005856; cytoskeleton; ",
"annotation": null,
"references": null,
"links": null
},
{
"location_identifier": "Cytosol.",
"topology_identifier": null,
"orientation_identifier": null,
"accession": "SL-0091",
"definition": "The cytosol is the unstructured aqueous phase of the cytoplasm excluding organelles, membranes, and insoluble cytoskeletal components. ",
"synonyms": null,
"content": "Cytoplasm, cytosol.",
"is_a": null,
"part_of": "Cytoplasm.; ",
"keyword": null,
"gene_ontology": "GO:0005829; cytosol; ",
"annotation": null,
"references": null,
"links": null
},
{
"location_identifier": "Dendrite.",
"topology_identifier": null,
"orientation_identifier": null,
"accession": "SL-0283",
"definition": "The dendrite is a short and typically branched process extending from the cell body of a neuron that receives and integrates signals coming from axons of other neurons, and conveys the resulting signal to the body of the cell. ",
"synonyms": null,
"content": "Cell projection, dendrite.",
"is_a": "Neuron projection.; ",
"part_of": null,
"keyword": null,
"gene_ontology": "GO:0030425; dendrite; ",
"annotation": null,
"references": null,
"links": null
},
{
"location_identifier": "Anammoxosome.",
"topology_identifier": null,
"orientation_identifier": null,
"accession": "SL-0491",
"definition": "The anammoxosome is a large intracytoplasmic compartment bounded by a single bilayer, ladderane-lipid-containing membrane present in bacteria that perform anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox). This organelle is the site of the anammox process, in which nitrite is used as the electron acceptor in the conversion of ammonium to dinitrogen (N2) gas and water. Anammox bacteria belong to the phylum Planctomycetes and are recognized as major players in the global nitrogen cycle. ",
"synonyms": null,
"content": "Anammoxosome.",
"is_a": null,
"part_of": null,
"keyword": null,
"gene_ontology": "GO:0044222; anammoxosome; ",
"annotation": null,
"references": null,
"links": null
},
{
"location_identifier": "Dendritic spine membrane.",
"topology_identifier": null,
"orientation_identifier": null,
"accession": "SL-0285",
"definition": "The portion of the cell membrane surrounding the dendritic spine, a small, club-like cell protrusion from neuronal dendrites that form the postsynaptic component of most excitatory synapses in the brain. ",
"synonyms": null,
"content": "Cell projection, dendritic spine membrane.",
"is_a": "Postsynaptic cell membrane.; ",
"part_of": "Dendritic spine.; ",
"keyword": null,
"gene_ontology": "GO:0032591; dendritic spine membrane; ",
"annotation": null,
"references": null,
"links": null
},
{
"location_identifier": "Cellular thylakoid lumen.",
"topology_identifier": null,
"orientation_identifier": null,
"accession": "SL-0044",
"definition": "The lumen of the cellular thylakoid. ",
"synonyms": null,
"content": "Cellular thylakoid lumen.",
"is_a": null,
"part_of": "Cellular thylakoid.; ",
"keyword": null,
"gene_ontology": "GO:0031979; plasma membrane-derived thylakoid lumen; ",
"annotation": null,
"references": null,
"links": null
},
{
"location_identifier": "Cellular thylakoid membrane.",
"topology_identifier": null,
"orientation_identifier": null,
"accession": "SL-0045",
"definition": "The membrane of the cellular thylakoid. ",
"synonyms": null,
"content": "Cellular thylakoid membrane.",
"is_a": "Membrane.; ",
"part_of": "Cellular thylakoid.; Endomembrane system.; ",
"keyword": null,
"gene_ontology": "GO:0031676; plasma membrane-derived thylakoid membrane; ",
"annotation": null,
"references": null,
"links": null
},
{
"location_identifier": "Early endosome.",
"topology_identifier": null,
"orientation_identifier": null,
"accession": "SL-0094",
"definition": "Early endosomes form a tubulovesicular network spread throughout the cortical cytoplasm of the cell. Early endosomes are the primary sorting station in the endocytic pathway from which endocytosed molecules can be recycled back to the cell membrane or targeted to degradation in the lysosomes. Loaded by endocytosed molecules in 1 to 4 minutes, their acidic luminal pH around 6.0 allows ligand release from recycling receptors. ",
"synonyms": null,
"content": "Early endosome.",
"is_a": null,
"part_of": "Endosome.; ",
"keyword": null,
"gene_ontology": "GO:0005769; early endosome; ",
"annotation": "Compartment specific marker: EEA1; Rab5; Rab4. ",
"references": null,
"links": null
},
{
"location_identifier": "Host cell wall.",
"topology_identifier": null,
"orientation_identifier": null,
"accession": "SL-0424",
"definition": "The complex and rigid layer surrounding the host cell. Host cell walls are found in bacteria, archaea, fungi, plants, and algae. The host cell wall is surrounded by an outer membrane in Gram-negative host bacteria, and envelopes the inner or plasma host membrane all host bacteria. It plays a role in host cell shape, cell stability and development, and protection against environmental dangers. ",
"synonyms": null,
"content": "Host cell wall.",
"is_a": null,
"part_of": "Host cell envelope.; ",
"keyword": null,
"gene_ontology": "GO:0044158; host cell wall; ",
"annotation": null,
"references": null,
"links": null
},
{
"location_identifier": "Growth cone.",
"topology_identifier": null,
"orientation_identifier": null,
"accession": "SL-0288",
"definition": "The growth cone is a dynamic cell protrusion at the tip of the extending axon or dendrite. Neuron extends a specialized structure, the growth cone, to find targets in the wiring of the nervous system. The growth cone explores its environment by extending dynamic filopodia. Growth cone is composed of an ensemble of protruding and retracting veils (lamellipodia), net growth cone advance may be considered the vector sum of all veil's motility behavior in response to their local environments. Filopodia play a key role in delimiting veils and serving to nucleate the formation of new veils. ",
"synonyms": null,
"content": "Cell projection, growth cone.",
"is_a": "Neuron projection.; ",
"part_of": null,
"keyword": null,
"gene_ontology": "GO:0030426; growth cone; ",
"annotation": null,
"references": "PubMed=17327278; DOI=10.1242/jcs.03384;; ",
"links": null
},
{
"location_identifier": "Encapsulin nanocompartment.",
"topology_identifier": null,
"orientation_identifier": null,
"accession": "SL-0550",
"definition": "Proteinaceous polyhedral shells that encapsulate enzymes. The selectively permeable organelles protect their contents from their surrounding milieu and/or the milieu from reactants in their interior. The self-assembling, 25-42 nm nanocompartment shell, unlike larger bacterial microcompartments, is made of only 1 protein, and has only a few proteins inside. Shells 25 nm in diameter are made of 60 monomers, shells 32 nm are made of 180 monomers, while shells 42 nm in diameter are made of 240 monomers with T=1, T=3 or T=4 icosahedral symmetry respectively. The shell protein has an HK97-like fold and probably evolved from a viral protein. Artificial encapsulin nanocompartments can be expressed and filled with cargo proteins for biotechnological uses. They are found in many bacterial and a few archaeal phyla. In anammox bacteria they may be located inside the anammoxosome. ",
"synonyms": null,
"content": "Encapsulin nanocompartment.",
"is_a": null,
"part_of": null,
"keyword": "KW-1284",
"gene_ontology": "GO:0140737; encapsulin nanocompartment; ",
"annotation": null,
"references": null,
"links": null
},
{
"location_identifier": "Centriole.",
"topology_identifier": null,
"orientation_identifier": null,
"accession": "SL-0046",
"definition": "The centriole is a barrel-shaped microtubule-based structure. A pair of centrioles, embedded in the so-called pericentriolar material, constitute the centrosome, a microtubule organizing center of an eukaryotic cell. Centrioles are barrel-shaped microtubule-based structures organized in a 9-fold radial symmetry. Centriolar microtubule arrays usually consist of triplet microtubules, although doublets or singlets are present in some species. Centrioles are structurally related to (and often interconvertible with) basal bodies, the organelles required for the assembly of a cilium or flagellum. ",
"synonyms": null,
"content": "Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, microtubule organizing center, centrosome, centriole.",
"is_a": null,
"part_of": "Centrosome.; ",
"keyword": null,
"gene_ontology": "GO:0005814; centriole; ",
"annotation": null,
"references": null,
"links": null
},
{
"location_identifier": "Endoplasmic reticulum.",
"topology_identifier": null,
"orientation_identifier": null,
"accession": "SL-0095",
"definition": "The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is an extensive network of membrane tubules, vesicles and flattened cisternae (sac-like structures) found throughout the eukaryotic cell, especially those responsible for the production of hormones and other secretory products. The membrane is a continuation of the outer nuclear membrane, it encloses the cytosol cisternal spaces (or internal lumen), which are continuous with the nuclear periplasmic space. The ER sustains many general functions, including protein synthesis, protein modification, protein folding, insertion of membrane proteins, sequestration of calcium, production of phospholipids and steroids and transport of proteins destined for membranes and secretion. ",
"synonyms": null,
"content": "Endoplasmic reticulum.",
"is_a": null,
"part_of": null,
"keyword": "KW-0256",
"gene_ontology": "GO:0005783; endoplasmic reticulum; ",
"annotation": "Compartment specific marker: PDI; calreticulin; calnexin. ",
"references": null,
"links": null
},
{
"location_identifier": "Endoplasmic reticulum lumen.",
"topology_identifier": null,
"orientation_identifier": null,
"accession": "SL-0096",
"definition": "The lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is the area enclosed by the endoplasmic reticulum membrane, an extensive network of membrane tubules, vesicles and flattened cisternae (sac-like structures) found throughout the eukaryotic cell, especially those responsible for the production of hormones and other secretory products. ",
"synonyms": null,
"content": "Endoplasmic reticulum lumen.",
"is_a": null,
"part_of": "Endoplasmic reticulum.; ",
"keyword": null,
"gene_ontology": "GO:0005788; endoplasmic reticulum lumen; ",
"annotation": null,
"references": null,
"links": null
},
{
"location_identifier": "Endoplasmic reticulum membrane.",
"topology_identifier": null,
"orientation_identifier": null,
"accession": "SL-0097",
"definition": "The membrane surrounding the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). The endoplasmic reticulum is an extensive network of membrane tubules, vesicles and flattened cisternae (sac-like structures) found throughout the eukaryotic cell, especially those responsible for the production of hormones and other secretory products. ",
"synonyms": null,
"content": "Endoplasmic reticulum membrane.",
"is_a": "Membrane.; ",
"part_of": "Endoplasmic reticulum.; Endomembrane system.; ",
"keyword": null,
"gene_ontology": "GO:0005789; endoplasmic reticulum membrane; ",
"annotation": null,
"references": null,
"links": null
},
{
"location_identifier": "Centrosome.",
"topology_identifier": null,
"orientation_identifier": null,
"accession": "SL-0048",
"definition": "The centrosome is a microtubule organizing center (MTOC) responsible for the nucleation and organisation of microtubules. It is composed of two orthogonally arranged centrioles, each one having a barrel shaped microtubule structure, and their surrounding pericentriolar material (PCM). ",
"synonyms": null,
"content": "Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, microtubule organizing center, centrosome.",
"is_a": null,
"part_of": "Microtubule organizing center.; ",
"keyword": null,
"gene_ontology": "GO:0005813; centrosome; ",
"annotation": null,
"references": null,
"links": null
},
{
"location_identifier": "Chloroplast.",
"topology_identifier": null,
"orientation_identifier": null,
"accession": "SL-0049",
"definition": "The most common form of plastid, the chloroplast is a photosynthetic organelle found in all photosynthetic eukaryotes except glaucocystophyte algae (where it is called a cyanelle) and Paulinella species (where it is called an organellar chromatophore). In green (photosynthetic) tissue they house the machinery necessary for pigment biosynthesis, amino acid synthesis, lipid metabolism etc, as well as the machinery for photosynthesis and CO(2) fixation. They are surrounded by between 2 and 4 membranes and contain thylakoids in green tissue. ",
"synonyms": null,
"content": "Plastid, chloroplast.",
"is_a": "Plastid.; ",
"part_of": null,
"keyword": "KW-0150",
"gene_ontology": "GO:0009507; chloroplast; ",
"annotation": null,
"references": null,
"links": null
},
{
"location_identifier": "Host endoplasmic reticulum lumen.",
"topology_identifier": null,
"orientation_identifier": null,
"accession": "SL-0389",
"definition": "The lumen of the host endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is the area enclosed by the host endoplasmic reticulum membrane, an extensive network of membrane tubules, vesicles and flattened cisternae (sac-like structures) found throughout the eukaryotic cell, especially those responsible for the production of hormones and other secretory products. ",
"synonyms": null,
"content": "Host endoplasmic reticulum lumen.",
"is_a": null,
"part_of": "Host endoplasmic reticulum.; ",
"keyword": null,
"gene_ontology": "GO:0044166; host cell endoplasmic reticulum lumen; ",
"annotation": null,
"references": null,
"links": null
},
{
"location_identifier": "Endosome.",
"topology_identifier": null,
"orientation_identifier": null,
"accession": "SL-0101",
"definition": "Endosomes are highly dynamic membrane systems involved in transport within the cell, they receive endocytosed cell membrane molecules and sort them for either degradation or recycling back to the cell surface. They also receive newly synthesised proteins destined for vacuolar/lysosomal compartments. In certain cell types, endosomal multivesicular bodies may fuse with the cell surface in an exocytic manner. These released vesicles are called exosomes. ",
"synonyms": null,
"content": "Endosome.",
"is_a": null,
"part_of": null,
"keyword": "KW-0967",
"gene_ontology": "GO:0005768; endosome; ",
"annotation": null,
"references": null,
"links": null
},
{
"location_identifier": "Plastoglobule.",
"topology_identifier": null,
"orientation_identifier": null,
"accession": "SL-0217",
"definition": "A plastoglobule is a conspicuous lipid-containing structure in the chloroplast stroma thought to serve as lipid reservoirs for thylakoid membranes. ",
"synonyms": null,
"content": "Plastid, chloroplast, plastoglobule.",
"is_a": null,
"part_of": "Chloroplast.; ",
"keyword": null,
"gene_ontology": "GO:0010287; plastoglobule; ",
"annotation": null,
"references": null,
"links": null
}
]
}