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{
"count": 543,
"next": "https://cinder.proteo.info/api/subcellular_locations/?format=api&limit=20&offset=360&ordering=synonyms",
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"results": [
{
"location_identifier": "Cell septum.",
"topology_identifier": null,
"orientation_identifier": null,
"accession": "SL-0455",
"definition": "A structure composed of peptidoglycan and often chitin in addition to other materials. It usually forms perpendicular to the long axis of a cell or hypha and grows centripetally from the cell wall to the center of the cell and often functions in the compartmentalization of a cell into two daughter cells. ",
"synonyms": null,
"content": "Cell septum.",
"is_a": null,
"part_of": null,
"keyword": null,
"gene_ontology": "GO:0030428; cell septum; ",
"annotation": null,
"references": null,
"links": null
},
{
"location_identifier": "Cell surface.",
"topology_identifier": null,
"orientation_identifier": null,
"accession": "SL-0310",
"definition": "The outermost side of the cell. ",
"synonyms": null,
"content": "Cell surface.",
"is_a": null,
"part_of": null,
"keyword": null,
"gene_ontology": "GO:0009986; cell surface; ",
"annotation": "Try to use a child/narrower/more specific term instead ",
"references": null,
"links": null
},
{
"location_identifier": "Cell tip.",
"topology_identifier": null,
"orientation_identifier": null,
"accession": "SL-0456",
"definition": "The region at either end of the longest axis of a cylindrical or elongated cell, where polarized growth may occur. ",
"synonyms": null,
"content": "Cell tip.",
"is_a": null,
"part_of": null,
"keyword": null,
"gene_ontology": "GO:0051286; cell tip; ",
"annotation": null,
"references": null,
"links": null
},
{
"location_identifier": "Chloroplast thylakoid membrane.",
"topology_identifier": null,
"orientation_identifier": null,
"accession": "SL-0058",
"definition": "The thylakoid membranes of a chloroplast is an internal system of interconnected membranes, that carry out the light reactions of photosynthesis. They are arranged into stacked and unstacked regions called grana and stroma thylakoids, respectively, that are differentially enriched in photosystem I and II complexes. Although extensive, the thylakoid network in an individual chloroplast is thought to comprise a single lumenal compartment. ",
"synonyms": null,
"content": "Plastid, chloroplast thylakoid membrane.",
"is_a": "Plastid thylakoid membrane.; ",
"part_of": "Chloroplast thylakoid.; ",
"keyword": null,
"gene_ontology": "GO:0009535; chloroplast thylakoid membrane; ",
"annotation": null,
"references": null,
"links": null
},
{
"location_identifier": "Cell wall.",
"topology_identifier": null,
"orientation_identifier": null,
"accession": "SL-0041",
"definition": "The complex and rigid layer surrounding the cell. Cell walls are found in bacteria, archaea, fungi, plants, and algae. The cell wall envelopes the inner or plasma membrane in all bacteria and is surrounded by the outer membrane in bacteria with 2 membranes (Gram- negative). Bacterial cell walls contain peptidoglycan while those of archaea are not made of peptidoglycan, but some archaea may contain pseudopeptidoglycan, which is composed of N-acetyltalosaminuronic acid, instead of N-acetyl muramic acid in peptidoglycan. The plant cell wall is made of fibrils of cellulose embedded in a matrix of several other kinds of polymers such as pectin and lignin. Algal cell walls are usually composed of cellulose, glycoproteins, sporopollenin, calcium and various polysaccharides such as manosyl, xylanes, alginic acid. Diatom cell walls (or frustules) contain silica. The cell wall plays a role in cell shape, cell stability and development, and protection against environmental dangers. ",
"synonyms": null,
"content": "Secreted, cell wall.",
"is_a": null,
"part_of": "Cell envelope.; Secreted.; ",
"keyword": "KW-0134",
"gene_ontology": "GO:0005618; cell wall; ",
"annotation": null,
"references": null,
"links": null
},
{
"location_identifier": "Cellular thylakoid lumen.",
"topology_identifier": null,
"orientation_identifier": null,
"accession": "SL-0044",
"definition": "The lumen of the cellular thylakoid. ",
"synonyms": null,
"content": "Cellular thylakoid lumen.",
"is_a": null,
"part_of": "Cellular thylakoid.; ",
"keyword": null,
"gene_ontology": "GO:0031979; plasma membrane-derived thylakoid lumen; ",
"annotation": null,
"references": null,
"links": null
},
{
"location_identifier": "Cellular thylakoid membrane.",
"topology_identifier": null,
"orientation_identifier": null,
"accession": "SL-0045",
"definition": "The membrane of the cellular thylakoid. ",
"synonyms": null,
"content": "Cellular thylakoid membrane.",
"is_a": "Membrane.; ",
"part_of": "Cellular thylakoid.; Endomembrane system.; ",
"keyword": null,
"gene_ontology": "GO:0031676; plasma membrane-derived thylakoid membrane; ",
"annotation": null,
"references": null,
"links": null
},
{
"location_identifier": "Centriole.",
"topology_identifier": null,
"orientation_identifier": null,
"accession": "SL-0046",
"definition": "The centriole is a barrel-shaped microtubule-based structure. A pair of centrioles, embedded in the so-called pericentriolar material, constitute the centrosome, a microtubule organizing center of an eukaryotic cell. Centrioles are barrel-shaped microtubule-based structures organized in a 9-fold radial symmetry. Centriolar microtubule arrays usually consist of triplet microtubules, although doublets or singlets are present in some species. Centrioles are structurally related to (and often interconvertible with) basal bodies, the organelles required for the assembly of a cilium or flagellum. ",
"synonyms": null,
"content": "Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, microtubule organizing center, centrosome, centriole.",
"is_a": null,
"part_of": "Centrosome.; ",
"keyword": null,
"gene_ontology": "GO:0005814; centriole; ",
"annotation": null,
"references": null,
"links": null
},
{
"location_identifier": "Centrosome.",
"topology_identifier": null,
"orientation_identifier": null,
"accession": "SL-0048",
"definition": "The centrosome is a microtubule organizing center (MTOC) responsible for the nucleation and organisation of microtubules. It is composed of two orthogonally arranged centrioles, each one having a barrel shaped microtubule structure, and their surrounding pericentriolar material (PCM). ",
"synonyms": null,
"content": "Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, microtubule organizing center, centrosome.",
"is_a": null,
"part_of": "Microtubule organizing center.; ",
"keyword": null,
"gene_ontology": "GO:0005813; centrosome; ",
"annotation": null,
"references": null,
"links": null
},
{
"location_identifier": "Chloroplast.",
"topology_identifier": null,
"orientation_identifier": null,
"accession": "SL-0049",
"definition": "The most common form of plastid, the chloroplast is a photosynthetic organelle found in all photosynthetic eukaryotes except glaucocystophyte algae (where it is called a cyanelle) and Paulinella species (where it is called an organellar chromatophore). In green (photosynthetic) tissue they house the machinery necessary for pigment biosynthesis, amino acid synthesis, lipid metabolism etc, as well as the machinery for photosynthesis and CO(2) fixation. They are surrounded by between 2 and 4 membranes and contain thylakoids in green tissue. ",
"synonyms": null,
"content": "Plastid, chloroplast.",
"is_a": "Plastid.; ",
"part_of": null,
"keyword": "KW-0150",
"gene_ontology": "GO:0009507; chloroplast; ",
"annotation": null,
"references": null,
"links": null
},
{
"location_identifier": "Chlorosome.",
"topology_identifier": null,
"orientation_identifier": null,
"accession": "SL-0059",
"definition": "The chlorosome is a photosynthetic light-harvesting complex found in anoxygenic green bacteria. Chlorosomes are flattened ellipsoidal organelles appressed to the cytoplasmic face of the cell membrane. They typically contain highly aggregated bacteriochlorophyll c, d, or e (Bchl), a small amount of Bchl a, carotenoids, quinones, and occasionally wax esters. The chlorosome envelope of green sulfur bacteria is an asymmetric membrane containing galactolipids with the galactosyl moieties exposed on the outer surface. The farnesyl tails of the BChl molecules within the chlorosome probably comprise the inner leaflet of this membrane. ",
"synonyms": null,
"content": "Chlorosome.",
"is_a": null,
"part_of": null,
"keyword": "KW-0151",
"gene_ontology": "GO:0046858; chlorosome; ",
"annotation": null,
"references": "PubMed=16866355; DOI=10.1021/bi060776y;; ",
"links": null
},
{
"location_identifier": "Chromaffin granule.",
"topology_identifier": null,
"orientation_identifier": null,
"accession": "SL-0061",
"definition": "A chromaffin granule is a specialized secretory vesicle characteristic of chromaffin cells. ",
"synonyms": null,
"content": "Cytoplasmic vesicle, secretory vesicle, chromaffin granule.",
"is_a": "Secretory vesicle.; ",
"part_of": null,
"keyword": null,
"gene_ontology": "GO:0042583; chromaffin granule; ",
"annotation": null,
"references": null,
"links": null
},
{
"location_identifier": "Chromoplast.",
"topology_identifier": null,
"orientation_identifier": null,
"accession": "SL-0063",
"definition": "A chromoplast is a plastid containing pigments other than chlorophyll. Found in flower, petals and fruit. ",
"synonyms": null,
"content": "Plastid, chromoplast.",
"is_a": "Plastid.; ",
"part_of": null,
"keyword": null,
"gene_ontology": "GO:0009509; chromoplast; ",
"annotation": null,
"references": null,
"links": null
},
{
"location_identifier": "Clathrin-coated pit.",
"topology_identifier": null,
"orientation_identifier": null,
"accession": "SL-0069",
"definition": "Coated pits are regions of the cell membrane specialized in receptor- mediated endocytosis. Their cytoplasmic surface is coated with a bristlelike structure made of clathrin. During the first steps of endocytosis, clathrin-coated pits are internalized to form clathrin- coated vesicles which transport proteins from organelle to organelle. ",
"synonyms": null,
"content": "Membrane, clathrin-coated pit.",
"is_a": "Coated pit.; ",
"part_of": null,
"keyword": null,
"gene_ontology": "GO:0005905; clathrin-coated pit; ",
"annotation": null,
"references": null,
"links": null
},
{
"location_identifier": "COPI-coated vesicle membrane.",
"topology_identifier": null,
"orientation_identifier": null,
"accession": "SL-0076",
"definition": "The membrane surrounding a COPI-coated vesicle. COPI-coated vesicles mediate the vesicular transport of cargo such as proteins. COPI-coated vesicles are believed to bud from the cis-cisternae of the Golgi apparatus, mediate traffic from the cis-Golgi back to the ER (retrograde), and govern the flow pattern of materials within the Golgi stack. COPI is composed of the coatomer, which is a seven- subunit protein complex that participates in the formation of Golgi- derived coated vesicles. Evidence has also been presented for anterograde intra-Golgi transport mediated by COPI in yeast and mammals. ",
"synonyms": null,
"content": "Cytoplasmic vesicle, COPI-coated vesicle membrane.",
"is_a": "Cytoplasmic vesicle membrane.; ",
"part_of": "COPI-coated vesicle.; ",
"keyword": null,
"gene_ontology": "GO:0030663; COPI-coated vesicle membrane; ",
"annotation": null,
"references": null,
"links": null
},
{
"location_identifier": "Cleavage furrow.",
"topology_identifier": null,
"orientation_identifier": null,
"accession": "SL-0467",
"definition": "In fungal, amoeboid and animal cells, during the cytokinesis at the end of cell division, a cleavage furrow forms in the plasma membrane. A contractile ring containing actin and myosin is assembled at the selected site of the future cleavage furrow. Ring contraction produces the force to constrict the cleavage furrow and the daughter cells separate by membrane fusion. ",
"synonyms": null,
"content": "Cleavage furrow.",
"is_a": null,
"part_of": null,
"keyword": null,
"gene_ontology": "GO:0032154; cleavage furrow; ",
"annotation": null,
"references": null,
"links": null
},
{
"location_identifier": "Coated pit.",
"topology_identifier": null,
"orientation_identifier": null,
"accession": "SL-0072",
"definition": "Coated pits are regions of the donor membrane where the assembly of the vesicle coat take place. The coat assembles from soluble protomers such as coat protein complex-I and coat protein complex-II. The components of the coat often define the intracellular sorting station, and contribute to both membrane deformation and local movement of the resulting transport intermediate following scission. During the first steps of the vesicle-mediated membrane transport, coated pits are internalized to form coated vesicles which transport proteins between distinct membrane-bound organelles. ",
"synonyms": null,
"content": "Membrane, coated pit.",
"is_a": null,
"part_of": "Endomembrane system.; ",
"keyword": "KW-0168",
"gene_ontology": null,
"annotation": null,
"references": null,
"links": null
},
{
"location_identifier": "COPI-coated vesicle lumen.",
"topology_identifier": null,
"orientation_identifier": null,
"accession": "SL-0321",
"definition": "The COPI-coated vesicle compartment bounded by the COPI-coated vesicle membrane. ",
"synonyms": null,
"content": "Cytoplasmic vesicle, COPI-coated vesicle lumen.",
"is_a": "Cytoplasmic vesicle lumen.; ",
"part_of": "COPI-coated vesicle.; ",
"keyword": null,
"gene_ontology": null,
"annotation": null,
"references": null,
"links": null
},
{
"location_identifier": "Cytolytic granule lumen.",
"topology_identifier": null,
"orientation_identifier": null,
"accession": "SL-0546",
"definition": "The cytolytic granule comparment bounded by the cytolytic granule membrane. ",
"synonyms": null,
"content": "Cytolytic granule lumen.",
"is_a": "Lysosome lumen.; ",
"part_of": "Cytolytic granule.; ",
"keyword": null,
"gene_ontology": null,
"annotation": null,
"references": null,
"links": null
},
{
"location_identifier": "Cornified envelope.",
"topology_identifier": null,
"orientation_identifier": null,
"accession": "SL-0079",
"definition": "The cornified envelope is a structure which is formed beneath the plasma membrane in terminally differentiating stratified squamous epithelia. It provides a vital physical barrier to these tissues in mammals and consists of a 10 nm thick layer of highly crosslinked insoluble proteins. In the specialized case of the epidermis, a 5 nm thick layer of ceramide lipids is covalently bound to the proteins. These organize extracellular lipids into orderly lamellae and, together, the cell envelope and extracellular lipids are essential for effective physical and water barrier function in the skin. ",
"synonyms": null,
"content": "Cornified envelope.",
"is_a": null,
"part_of": null,
"keyword": null,
"gene_ontology": "GO:0001533; cornified envelope; ",
"annotation": null,
"references": null,
"links": null
}
]
}