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{
"count": 543,
"next": "https://cinder.proteo.info/api/subcellular_locations/?format=api&limit=20&offset=460&ordering=synonyms",
"previous": "https://cinder.proteo.info/api/subcellular_locations/?format=api&limit=20&offset=420&ordering=synonyms",
"results": [
{
"location_identifier": "Kinetoplast.",
"topology_identifier": null,
"orientation_identifier": null,
"accession": "SL-0150",
"definition": "The mitochondrial DNA of trypanosomatid protozoa is termed kinetoplast DNA (kDNA). kDNA is a massive network, composed of thousands of topologically interlocked DNA circles. Each cell contains one network condensed into a disk-shaped structure within the matrix of its single mitochondrion. The kDNA circles are of two types, maxicircles present in a few dozen copies and minicircles present in several thousand copies. ",
"synonyms": null,
"content": "Mitochondrion matrix, kinetoplast.",
"is_a": null,
"part_of": "Mitochondrion matrix.; ",
"keyword": "KW-0419",
"gene_ontology": "GO:0020023; kinetoplast; ",
"annotation": null,
"references": null,
"links": null
},
{
"location_identifier": "Lamellipodium membrane.",
"topology_identifier": null,
"orientation_identifier": null,
"accession": "SL-0292",
"definition": "The portion of the cell membrane surrounding a lamellipodium. ",
"synonyms": null,
"content": "Cell projection, lamellipodium membrane.",
"is_a": null,
"part_of": "Cell membrane.; Lamellipodium.; ",
"keyword": null,
"gene_ontology": "GO:0031258; lamellipodium membrane; ",
"annotation": null,
"references": null,
"links": null
},
{
"location_identifier": "Late endosome.",
"topology_identifier": null,
"orientation_identifier": null,
"accession": "SL-0152",
"definition": "Late endosomes are pleiomorphic with cisternal, tubular and multivesicular regions. They are found in juxtanuclear regions and concentrated at the microtubule organizing center. They are an important sorting station in the endocytic pathway. Recycling to the plasma membrane and to the Golgi occurs in late endosomes. More acidic than early endosomes they are also loaded more slowly in a range of 4 to 30 minutes depending on the cell type. They can be distinguished from lysosome for their enrichment in M6PR. ",
"synonyms": null,
"content": "Late endosome.",
"is_a": null,
"part_of": "Endosome.; ",
"keyword": null,
"gene_ontology": "GO:0005770; late endosome; ",
"annotation": "Compartment specific marker: Rab7; Rab9; LBPA. ",
"references": null,
"links": null
},
{
"location_identifier": "Lysosome.",
"topology_identifier": null,
"orientation_identifier": null,
"accession": "SL-0158",
"definition": "The lysosome is a membrane-limited organelle present in all eukaryotic cells, which contains a large number of hydrolytic enzymes that are used for degrading almost any kind of cellular constituent, including entire organelles. The mechanisms responsible for delivering cytoplasmic cargo to the lysosome/vacuole are known collectively as autophagy and play an important role in the maintenance of homeostasis. ",
"synonyms": null,
"content": "Lysosome.",
"is_a": null,
"part_of": null,
"keyword": "KW-0458",
"gene_ontology": "GO:0005764; lysosome; ",
"annotation": "Compartment specific marker: LAMP-1; LAMP-2?. ",
"references": null,
"links": null
},
{
"location_identifier": "Lytic vacuole.",
"topology_identifier": null,
"orientation_identifier": null,
"accession": "SL-0159",
"definition": "The lytic vacuole is a plant specialized vacuole equivalent to animal lysosomes or yeast vacuoles, functioning as compartments for degradation and waste storage. ",
"synonyms": null,
"content": "Lytic vacuole.",
"is_a": "Vacuole.; ",
"part_of": null,
"keyword": null,
"gene_ontology": "GO:0000323; lytic vacuole; ",
"annotation": null,
"references": null,
"links": null
},
{
"location_identifier": "Magnetosome.",
"topology_identifier": null,
"orientation_identifier": null,
"accession": "SL-0510",
"definition": "A specialized, membrane-bound bacterial organelle that envelops nanometer-sized crystals of magnetic iron minerals. They form linear chains at midcell along the cellular motility axis. ",
"synonyms": null,
"content": "Magnetosome.",
"is_a": null,
"part_of": null,
"keyword": "KW-1281",
"gene_ontology": "GO:0110143; magnetosome; ",
"annotation": null,
"references": null,
"links": null
},
{
"location_identifier": "Magnetosome lumen.",
"topology_identifier": null,
"orientation_identifier": null,
"accession": "SL-0511",
"definition": "The magnetosome lumen. ",
"synonyms": null,
"content": "Magnetosome, Magnetosome lumen.",
"is_a": null,
"part_of": "Magnetosome.; ",
"keyword": null,
"gene_ontology": "GO:0110145; magnetosome lumen; ",
"annotation": null,
"references": null,
"links": null
},
{
"location_identifier": "Magnetosome membrane.",
"topology_identifier": null,
"orientation_identifier": null,
"accession": "SL-0512",
"definition": "The magnetosome membrane. ",
"synonyms": null,
"content": "Magnetosome membrane.",
"is_a": "Membrane.; ",
"part_of": "Magnetosome.; ",
"keyword": null,
"gene_ontology": "GO:0110146; magnetosome membrane; ",
"annotation": null,
"references": null,
"links": null
},
{
"location_identifier": "Melanosome.",
"topology_identifier": null,
"orientation_identifier": null,
"accession": "SL-0161",
"definition": "The melanosome is a melanin-containing organelle found in melanocytes and melanophores. Fish and amphibians possess specialized cells, called melanophores, which contain hundreds of melanin-filled pigment granules, termed melanosomes. The sole function of these cells is pigment aggregation in the center of the cell or dispersion throughout the cytoplasm. This alternative transport of pigment allows the animal to effect color changes important for camouflage and social interactions. Melanophores transport their pigment in response to extracellular cues: neurotransmitters in the case of fish and hormonal stimuli in the case of frogs. In both cases, melanosome dispersion is induced by elevation of intracellular cAMP levels, while aggregation is triggered by depression of cAMP. The regulatory mechanisms downstream of these second-messengers are poorly understood. Mammalian melanocytes also produce melanosomes but, unlike melanophores, pigment in these cells is transported to the cell periphery for subsequent exocytosis to surrounding epithelial cells. ",
"synonyms": null,
"content": "Melanosome.",
"is_a": null,
"part_of": null,
"keyword": null,
"gene_ontology": "GO:0042470; melanosome; ",
"annotation": null,
"references": null,
"links": "http://www.proweb.org/kinesin/Melanophore.html; "
},
{
"location_identifier": "Membrane.",
"topology_identifier": null,
"orientation_identifier": null,
"accession": "SL-0162",
"definition": "A membrane is a lipid bilayer which surrounds enclosed spaces and compartments. This selectively permeable structure is essential for effective separation of a cell or organelle from its surroundings. Membranes are composed of various types of molecules such as phospholipids, integral membrane proteins, peripheral proteins, glycoproteins, glycolipids, etc. The relative amounts of these components as well as the types of lipids are non-randomly distributed from membrane to membrane as well as between the two leaflets of a membrane. ",
"synonyms": null,
"content": "Membrane.",
"is_a": null,
"part_of": null,
"keyword": "KW-0472",
"gene_ontology": "GO:0016020; membrane; ",
"annotation": null,
"references": null,
"links": null
},
{
"location_identifier": "Microneme.",
"topology_identifier": null,
"orientation_identifier": null,
"accession": "SL-0163",
"definition": "The microneme is an Apicomplexan parasite organelle. Apicomplexa are named for the unique set of morphologically distinct secretory organelles (refered to as the apical complex)- micronemes, rhoptries and dense granules - whose sequential secretion is required for the invasion of host cells. Micronemes are the smallest, they are involved in the early stages of invasion. ",
"synonyms": null,
"content": "Cytoplasmic vesicle, secretory vesicle, microneme.",
"is_a": "Secretory vesicle.; ",
"part_of": null,
"keyword": null,
"gene_ontology": "GO:0020009; microneme; ",
"annotation": null,
"references": null,
"links": null
},
{
"location_identifier": "Microsome.",
"topology_identifier": null,
"orientation_identifier": null,
"accession": "SL-0166",
"definition": "The microsomes are a heterogenous set of vesicles 20-200nm in diameter and formed from the endoplasmic reticulum when cells are disrupted. The vesicles are isolated by differential centrifugation and are composed of three structural features: rough vesicles, smooth vesicles and ribosomes. Numerous enzyme activities are associated with the microsomal fraction. ",
"synonyms": null,
"content": "Microsome.",
"is_a": null,
"part_of": "Endoplasmic reticulum.; ",
"keyword": "KW-0492",
"gene_ontology": null,
"annotation": null,
"references": null,
"links": null
},
{
"location_identifier": "Mitochondrion.",
"topology_identifier": null,
"orientation_identifier": null,
"accession": "SL-0173",
"definition": "The mitochondrion is a semiautonomous, self-reproducing organelle that occurs in the cytoplasm of all cells of most, but not all, eukaryotes. Each mitochondrion is surrounded by a double limiting membrane. The inner membrane is highly invaginated, and its projections are called cristae. Mitochondria are the sites of the reactions of oxidative phosphorylation, which result in the formation of ATP. The size and coding capacity of the mitochondrial DNA varies considerably in different organisms, and encodes rRNAs, tRNAs and essential mitochondrial proteins. ",
"synonyms": null,
"content": "Mitochondrion.",
"is_a": null,
"part_of": null,
"keyword": "KW-0496",
"gene_ontology": "GO:0005739; mitochondrion; ",
"annotation": null,
"references": null,
"links": null
},
{
"location_identifier": "Mitosome.",
"topology_identifier": null,
"orientation_identifier": null,
"accession": "SL-0437",
"definition": "The mitosome is an organelle found in \"amitochondrial\" unicellular organisms which do not have the capability of gaining energy from oxidative phosphorylation. Mitosomes are almost certainly derived from mitochondria, they have a double membrane and most proteins are delivered to them by a targeting sequence. Unlike mitochondria, mitosomes do not contain any DNA. The mitosome functions in iron- sulphur cluster assembly. ",
"synonyms": null,
"content": "Mitosome.",
"is_a": null,
"part_of": null,
"keyword": "KW-1025",
"gene_ontology": "GO:0032047; mitosome; ",
"annotation": null,
"references": null,
"links": null
},
{
"location_identifier": "Myofibril.",
"topology_identifier": null,
"orientation_identifier": null,
"accession": "SL-0312",
"definition": "A myofibril is a long cylindrical organelle found in muscle cells formed by two transverse filament systems: the thick and thin filaments. The thin filament is composed primarily of actin; it is tethered at one end to the Z-disk, and it interdigitates with the thick filaments. The main constituent of the thick filament is myosin; the direction of the myosin heads changes polarity at the M-line, allowing interaction with the thin filaments anchored from the next adjacent Z-disk. A third and a fourth filament complex exist, comprising the giant proteins titin and nebulin. ",
"synonyms": null,
"content": "Cytoplasm, myofibril.",
"is_a": "Sarcoplasm.; ",
"part_of": null,
"keyword": null,
"gene_ontology": "GO:0030016; myofibril; ",
"annotation": null,
"references": null,
"links": null
},
{
"location_identifier": "Neuronal dense core vesicle membrane.",
"topology_identifier": null,
"orientation_identifier": null,
"accession": "SL-0532",
"definition": "The membrane surrounding a neuronal dense core vesicle. ",
"synonyms": null,
"content": "Cytoplasmic vesicle, secretory vesicle, neuronal dense core vesicle membrane.",
"is_a": "Secretory vesicle membrane.; ",
"part_of": "Neuronal dense core vesicle.; ",
"keyword": null,
"gene_ontology": "GO:0099012; neuronal dense core vesicle membrane; ",
"annotation": null,
"references": null,
"links": null
},
{
"location_identifier": "Photoreceptor inner segment.",
"topology_identifier": null,
"orientation_identifier": null,
"accession": "SL-0457",
"definition": "The inner segment of a vertebrate photoreceptor containing mitochondria, ribosomes and membranes where opsin molecules are assembled and passed to be part of the outer segment discs. ",
"synonyms": null,
"content": "Photoreceptor inner segment.",
"is_a": null,
"part_of": null,
"keyword": null,
"gene_ontology": "GO:0001917; photoreceptor inner segment; ",
"annotation": null,
"references": null,
"links": null
},
{
"location_identifier": "Nuclear body.",
"topology_identifier": null,
"orientation_identifier": null,
"accession": "SL-0494",
"definition": "Nuclear body is a collective term for several nuclear, extra- nucleolar, non-membrane-bound sub-compartments, including, but not limited to Cajal bodies, Gemini of Cajal bodies (gems), nuclear speckles and PML bodies. Nuclear bodies are visible as distinct spots in the nucleoplasm. They can vary in number and size depending on the cell line and the type of nuclear body. ",
"synonyms": null,
"content": "Nucleus, nuclear body.",
"is_a": null,
"part_of": "Nucleus.; ",
"keyword": null,
"gene_ontology": "GO:0016604; nuclear body; ",
"annotation": null,
"references": null,
"links": null
},
{
"location_identifier": "Nucleoid.",
"topology_identifier": null,
"orientation_identifier": null,
"accession": "SL-0187",
"definition": "The nucleoid is the prokaryotic pseudocompartment formed by the chromatin-dense area. This region, which is functionally equivalent to the eukaryotic nucleus, is not surrounded by a membrane. ",
"synonyms": null,
"content": "Cytoplasm, nucleoid.",
"is_a": null,
"part_of": "Cytoplasm.; ",
"keyword": null,
"gene_ontology": "GO:0009295; nucleoid; ",
"annotation": null,
"references": null,
"links": null
},
{
"location_identifier": "Nucleomorph.",
"topology_identifier": null,
"orientation_identifier": null,
"accession": "SL-0189",
"definition": "Nucleomorphs are vestigial endosymbiont found in cryptomonads and chlorachniophytes algae. These organisms respectively retain an enslaved red or green algal nucleus. ",
"synonyms": null,
"content": "Nucleomorph.",
"is_a": null,
"part_of": null,
"keyword": "KW-0542",
"gene_ontology": "GO:0033009; nucleomorph; ",
"annotation": null,
"references": null,
"links": null
}
]
}