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{
"count": 543,
"next": "https://cinder.proteo.info/api/subcellular_locations/?format=api&limit=20&offset=520&ordering=location_identifier",
"previous": "https://cinder.proteo.info/api/subcellular_locations/?format=api&limit=20&offset=480&ordering=location_identifier",
"results": [
{
"location_identifier": "Spore polar tube.",
"topology_identifier": null,
"orientation_identifier": null,
"accession": "SL-0436",
"definition": "The polar tube is a highly specialised structure unique to Microsporidia and required for host cell invasion. In the spore, the polar tube is connected at the anterior end, and then coils around the sporoplasm. Upon appropriate environmental stimulation, the polar tube rapidly discharges out of the spore, pierces a cell membrane and serves as a conduit for sporoplasm passage into the new host cell. ",
"synonyms": null,
"content": "Spore polar tube.",
"is_a": null,
"part_of": "Spore.; ",
"keyword": null,
"gene_ontology": "GO:0044099; polar tube; ",
"annotation": null,
"references": null,
"links": null
},
{
"location_identifier": "Spore wall.",
"topology_identifier": null,
"orientation_identifier": null,
"accession": "SL-0254",
"definition": "Protein found in the spore wall. The spore wall is the main element of the spore's resistance to environmental stress. It is usually composed of several layers of different sugar polymers like mannans and glucans which are associated to glycoproteins. The composition, structure and number of layers are very different between bacteria, plants, protozoans or fungi. ",
"synonyms": null,
"content": "Spore wall.",
"is_a": null,
"part_of": "Spore.; ",
"keyword": null,
"gene_ontology": "GO:0031160; spore wall; ",
"annotation": null,
"references": null,
"links": null
},
{
"location_identifier": "Stereocilium.",
"topology_identifier": null,
"orientation_identifier": null,
"accession": "SL-0302",
"definition": "The stereocilium is a finger-like projection forming the hair bundle on the apical surface of sensory hair cells in the cochlea. Stereocilia stiffness and function depend on the several hundreds of uniformly polarized and tightly cross-linked actin filaments. Stereocilia cytoskeleton shows continuous turnover with actin filament assembly occuring at the stereocilium tip and its disassembly at the base so that stereocilium length is maintained in a dynamic steady- state. This staircase-like bundle of stereocilia is responsible for mechanosensation and ultimately the perception of sound. ",
"synonyms": "Stereocilia.; ",
"content": "Cell projection, stereocilium.",
"is_a": "Cell projection.; ",
"part_of": null,
"keyword": null,
"gene_ontology": "GO:0032420; stereocilium; ",
"annotation": null,
"references": "PubMed=17326148; DOI=10.1002/cm.20199;; ",
"links": null
},
{
"location_identifier": "Stereocilium membrane.",
"topology_identifier": null,
"orientation_identifier": null,
"accession": "SL-0303",
"definition": "The stereocilium membrane is the portion of the cell membrane surrounding a stereocilium. ",
"synonyms": "Stereocilia membrane.; ",
"content": "Cell projection, stereocilium membrane.",
"is_a": null,
"part_of": "Cell membrane.; Stereocilium.; ",
"keyword": null,
"gene_ontology": "GO:0060171; stereocilium membrane; ",
"annotation": null,
"references": null,
"links": null
},
{
"location_identifier": "Stress fiber.",
"topology_identifier": null,
"orientation_identifier": null,
"accession": "SL-0501",
"definition": "Stress fibers are contractile actomyosin bundles found in non-muscle cells, in eukaryotes, mostly in animals. They are composed of bundles of 10 to 30 actin filaments (microfilaments), crosslinked by alpha- actinin, and non-muscle myosin. They are often anchored to focal adhesions, that connect the extracellular matrix to the actin cytoskeleton. Stress fibers play an essential role in cell contractility, governing cell morphology, adhesion, and migration. In non-motile cells, stress fibers are usually thick and relatively stable. By contrast, highly motile cells typically contain fewer, thinner and more dynamic stress fibers. Stress fibers can be divided into at least 4 different categories : dorsal and ventral stress fibers, transverse arcs and the perinuclear actin cap. ",
"synonyms": null,
"content": "Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, stress fiber.",
"is_a": null,
"part_of": "Cytoskeleton.; ",
"keyword": null,
"gene_ontology": "GO:0001725; stress fiber; ",
"annotation": "Mostly in animal, non-muscle cells. ",
"references": null,
"links": null
},
{
"location_identifier": "Stress granule.",
"topology_identifier": null,
"orientation_identifier": null,
"accession": "SL-0496",
"definition": "Stress granules are dense non-membrane bound aggregations in the cytosol composed of proteins and RNAs that appear when the cell is under stress. The aggregates are mostly composed of stalled translation initiation complexes. They are 100-200 nm in size. Stress granules can also precipitate the formation of toxic protein aggregates such as those seen during the progression of certain types of neurological disease. ",
"synonyms": null,
"content": "Cytoplasm, Stress granule.",
"is_a": "Cytoplasmic ribonucleoprotein granule.; ",
"part_of": null,
"keyword": null,
"gene_ontology": "GO:0010494; cytoplasmic stress granule; ",
"annotation": null,
"references": null,
"links": null
},
{
"location_identifier": "Surface film.",
"topology_identifier": null,
"orientation_identifier": null,
"accession": "SL-0255",
"definition": "The film of pulmonary surfactants which cover the alveolar surface of the mammalian lung. These surfactants are composed of 90% phospholipids and 10% proteins. ",
"synonyms": null,
"content": "Secreted, extracellular space, surface film.",
"is_a": null,
"part_of": "Extracellular space.; ",
"keyword": "KW-0767",
"gene_ontology": null,
"annotation": null,
"references": null,
"links": null
},
{
"location_identifier": "Symbiosome.",
"topology_identifier": null,
"orientation_identifier": null,
"accession": "SL-0256",
"definition": "Symbiosis lead to the formation of a new compartment in the plant cell when bacteria enter the plant cell by endocytosis, the symbiosome. This compartment harbours the bacteroids surrounded by a peribacteroid membrane (PMB) originating from the plant plasma membrane. The space between this membrane and the bacteroid membrane is called the peribacteroid space. ",
"synonyms": null,
"content": "Symbiosome.",
"is_a": null,
"part_of": null,
"keyword": null,
"gene_ontology": "GO:0043659; symbiosome; ",
"annotation": null,
"references": null,
"links": null
},
{
"location_identifier": "Symplast.",
"topology_identifier": null,
"orientation_identifier": null,
"accession": "SL-0257",
"definition": "The symplast is a highly ordered and connected space within plants formed by the cytoplasms of individual cells connected by plasmodesmata. The symplast is held in place by a rigid framework, the apoplast. ",
"synonyms": null,
"content": "Symplast.",
"is_a": null,
"part_of": null,
"keyword": null,
"gene_ontology": "GO:0055044; symplast; ",
"annotation": null,
"references": null,
"links": null
},
{
"location_identifier": "Synapse.",
"topology_identifier": null,
"orientation_identifier": null,
"accession": "SL-0258",
"definition": "Synapses are the communicating cell-cell junctions that allow signals to pass from a nerve cell to a target cell. In a chemical synapse, the signal is carried by a neurotransmitter which diffuses across a narrow synaptic cleft and activates a receptor on the postsynaptic membrane of the target cell. The target may be a dendrite, cell body, neuronal axon, a specialized region of a muscle or a secretory cell. In an electrical synapse, a direct connection is made between the cytoplasms of two cells via gap junctions. ",
"synonyms": null,
"content": "Synapse.",
"is_a": null,
"part_of": null,
"keyword": "KW-0770",
"gene_ontology": "GO:0045202; synapse; ",
"annotation": null,
"references": null,
"links": null
},
{
"location_identifier": "Synaptic cell membrane.",
"topology_identifier": null,
"orientation_identifier": null,
"accession": "SL-0531",
"definition": "A specialized area of membrane on either the presynaptic or the postsynaptic side of a synapse, the junction between a nerve fiber of one neuron and another neuron or muscle fiber or glial cell. ",
"synonyms": null,
"content": "Synaptic cell membrane.",
"is_a": "Cell membrane.; ",
"part_of": "Synapse.; ",
"keyword": null,
"gene_ontology": "GO:0097060; synaptic membrane; ",
"annotation": null,
"references": null,
"links": null
},
{
"location_identifier": "Synaptic cleft.",
"topology_identifier": null,
"orientation_identifier": null,
"accession": "SL-0517",
"definition": "The narrow space between the presynaptic and postsynaptic membranes into which neurotransmitters are released by synaptic vesicles through exocytosis and diffuse to activate receptors on post-synaptic membrane. ",
"synonyms": null,
"content": "Synaptic cleft.",
"is_a": null,
"part_of": "Extracellular space.; Synapse.; ",
"keyword": null,
"gene_ontology": "GO:0043083; synaptic cleft; ",
"annotation": null,
"references": null,
"links": null
},
{
"location_identifier": "Synaptic vesicle.",
"topology_identifier": null,
"orientation_identifier": null,
"accession": "SL-0259",
"definition": "The synaptic vesicles mediate the exocytosis of neurotransmitters and subsequent re-uptake by endocytosis of vesicular components. Re-uptake is a crucial element in the maintenance of synaptic transmission in the nervous system. ",
"synonyms": null,
"content": "Cytoplasmic vesicle, secretory vesicle, synaptic vesicle.",
"is_a": "Secretory vesicle.; ",
"part_of": "Synapse.; ",
"keyword": null,
"gene_ontology": "GO:0008021; synaptic vesicle; ",
"annotation": null,
"references": null,
"links": null
},
{
"location_identifier": "Synaptic vesicle lumen.",
"topology_identifier": null,
"orientation_identifier": null,
"accession": "SL-0348",
"definition": "The synaptic vesicle compartment bounded by the membrane of a synaptic vesicle. ",
"synonyms": "Synaptic vesicular lumen.; ",
"content": "Cytoplasmic vesicle, secretory vesicle, synaptic vesicle lumen.",
"is_a": "Secretory vesicle lumen.; ",
"part_of": "Synaptic vesicle.; ",
"keyword": null,
"gene_ontology": "GO:0034592; synaptic vesicle lumen; ",
"annotation": null,
"references": null,
"links": null
},
{
"location_identifier": "Synaptic vesicle membrane.",
"topology_identifier": null,
"orientation_identifier": null,
"accession": "SL-0260",
"definition": "The membrane surrounding a synaptic vesicle. ",
"synonyms": "Synaptic vesicular membrane.; ",
"content": "Cytoplasmic vesicle, secretory vesicle, synaptic vesicle membrane.",
"is_a": "Secretory vesicle membrane.; ",
"part_of": "Synaptic vesicle.; ",
"keyword": null,
"gene_ontology": "GO:0030672; synaptic vesicle membrane; ",
"annotation": null,
"references": null,
"links": null
},
{
"location_identifier": "Synaptosome.",
"topology_identifier": null,
"orientation_identifier": null,
"accession": "SL-0261",
"definition": "Synaptosomes are the pinched-off nerve endings and their contents of vesicles and cytoplasm together with the attached subsynaptic area of the membrane of the postsynaptic cell. They are largely artificial structures produced by fractionation after selective centrifugation of nervous tissue homogenates. ",
"synonyms": null,
"content": "Synapse, synaptosome.",
"is_a": null,
"part_of": "Synapse.; ",
"keyword": "KW-0771",
"gene_ontology": null,
"annotation": null,
"references": null,
"links": null
},
{
"location_identifier": "Target cell.",
"topology_identifier": null,
"orientation_identifier": null,
"accession": "SL-0487",
"definition": "A cell including the cell membrane and any external encapsulating of another cell. This term is used to describe a toxin located in the structures such as the cell wall and cell envelope that is the target. ",
"synonyms": null,
"content": "Target cell.",
"is_a": null,
"part_of": null,
"keyword": null,
"gene_ontology": "GO:0044216; obsolete other organism cell; ",
"annotation": null,
"references": null,
"links": null
},
{
"location_identifier": "Target cell cytoplasm.",
"topology_identifier": null,
"orientation_identifier": null,
"accession": "SL-0486",
"definition": "The contents of a target cell within the plasma membrane and which, in eukaryotic cells, surrounds the host nucleus. This term is used to describe a toxin located in the cytoplasm of a target cell. ",
"synonyms": "Target cytoplasm.; ",
"content": "Target cell, target cell cytoplasm.",
"is_a": "Target cell.; ",
"part_of": null,
"keyword": "KW-1266",
"gene_ontology": null,
"annotation": null,
"references": null,
"links": null
},
{
"location_identifier": "Target cell membrane.",
"topology_identifier": null,
"orientation_identifier": null,
"accession": "SL-0451",
"definition": "The target cell membrane is the selectively permeable membrane which separates the target cell cytoplasm from its surroundings. This term is used to describe a toxin located to the cell membrane of a target cell. ",
"synonyms": "Target cytoplasmic membrane; Target plasmalemma;; Target plasma membrane.; ",
"content": "Target cell membrane.",
"is_a": "Target membrane.; ",
"part_of": null,
"keyword": "KW-1052",
"gene_ontology": null,
"annotation": null,
"references": null,
"links": null
},
{
"location_identifier": "Target membrane.",
"topology_identifier": null,
"orientation_identifier": null,
"accession": "SL-0452",
"definition": "A target membrane is a lipid bilayer which surrounds target cell enclosed spaces and compartments. This selectively permeable structure is essential for effective separation of a target cell or target cell organelle from its surroundings. This term is used to describe a toxin located to a membrane of a target cell. ",
"synonyms": null,
"content": "Target cell, Membrane, target membrane.",
"is_a": "Membrane.; Target cell.; ",
"part_of": null,
"keyword": "KW-1053",
"gene_ontology": null,
"annotation": null,
"references": null,
"links": null
}
]
}